Arrange the following substances in order of decreasing magnitude of lattice energy.
2 answers:
The following substances in order of decreasing magnitude of lattice energy are as follows: SrO > BaO > NaF > KCl
<h3>Explanation: </h3>Ionic compounds are more stable because their have an electrostatic force between the two opposite ions. After the formation of ions, they combine together to form the ionic compound. The lattice energy or lattice enthalpy is the energy released in this process. It means the energy released when a cation and a anion combine together to form one mole of an ionic compound that known as the lattice energy or lattice enthalpy.
To calculation of lattice energy we can done by using Hess’s law (or called Born Haber cycle). Hess' law of constant or the heat summation, also known as Hess' law is a relationship in physical chemistry that named after Germain Hess. Hess's Law states that regardless of the multiple stages or steps of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all changes.
The formula is
The compounds BaO and SrO, have ions' charges ( + 2 ) and ( - 2 ) respectively will have greater lattice energies that the compounds NaF and KCl that have charges ( + 1 ) and ( - 1 ) respectively
( BaO and SrO ) > ( NaF and KCl )
In NaF, the ions are smaller than the KCl ions so it has the greater lattice energy. Sr is smaller than Ba therefore SrO has a greater lattice energy than BaO.
Therefore SrO > BaO > NaF > KCl
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The inlet velocity is 1.4 m/s and inlet volume is 0.019 m³/s.
Explanation:
When water entering the tube of constant diameter flows through the tube, it exhibits continuity of mass in the hydrostatics. So the mass of water moving from the inlet to the outlet tend to be same, but the velocity may differ.
As per mass flow equality which states that the rate of flow of mass in the inlet is equal to the product of area of the tube with the velocity of the water and the density of the tube.
Since, the inlet volume flow is measured as the product of velocity with the area.
Inlet volume flow=Inlet velocity*Area*time
And the mass flow rate is
Mass flow rate in the inlet=density*area*inlet velocity*time
Mass flow rate in the outlet=density*area*outlet velocity*time
Since, the time and area is constant, the inlet and outlet will be same as
(Mass inlet)/(density*inlet velocity)=Area*Time
(Mass outlet)/(density*outlet velocity)=Area*Time
As the ratio of mass to density is termed as specific volume, then
(Specific volume inlet)/(Inlet velocity)=(Specific volume outlet)/(Outlet velocity)
Inlet velocity= (Specific volume inlet)/(Specific volume outlet)*Outlet velocity
As, the specific volume of water at inlet is 0.001017 m³/kg and at outlet is 0.05217 m³/kg and the outlet velocity is given as 72 m/s, the inlet velocity
is
So, the inlet velocity is 1.4035 m/s.
Then the inlet volume will be
As the diameter of tube is 130 mm, then the radius is 65 mm and inlet velocity is 1.4 m/s
So, the inlet volume is 0.019 m³/s.
Thus, the inlet velocity is 1.4 m/s and inlet volume is 0.019 m³/s.