Question

A solution is prepared by dissolving 17.75 g sulfuric acid, h2so4, in enough water to make 100.0 ml of solution. if the density of the solution is 1.094 g/ml, whatt is the mole fraction?

Answer 1

The solution of Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) has the following mole fractions:

• mole fraction (H2SO4)= 0.034
• mole fraction (H2O)= 0.966

To solve this problem the formula and the procedure that we have to use is:

• n = m / MW
• = ∑ AWT
• mole fraction = moles of A component / total moles of solution
• ρ = m /v

Where:

• m = mass
• n = moles
• MW = molecular weight
• AWT = atomic weight
• ρ = density
• v = volume

Information about the problem:

• m solute (H2SO4) = 17.75 g
• v(solution) = 100 ml
• ρ (solution)= 1.094 g/ml
• AWT (H)= 1 g/mol
• AWT (S) = 32 g/mol
• AWT (O)= 16 g/mol
• mole fraction(H2SO4) = ?
• mole fraction(H2O) = ?

We calculate the moles of the H2SO4 and of the H2O from the Pm:

MW = ∑ AWT

MW (H2SO4)= AWT (H) * 2 + AWT (S) + AWT (O) * 4

MW (H2SO4)= (1 g/mol * 2) + (32,064 g/mol) + (16 g/mol * 4)

MW (H2SO4)= 2 g/mol + 32 g/mol + 64 g/mol

MW (H2SO4)=  98 g/mol

MW (H2O)= AWT (H) * 2 + AWT (O)

MW (H2O)= (1 g/mol * 2) + (16 g/mol)

MW (H2O)= 2 g/mol + 16 g/mol

MW (H2O)=  18 g/mol

Having the Pm we calculate the moles of H2SO4:

n = m / MW

n(H2SO4) = m(H2SO4) / MW (H2SO4)

n(H2SO4) = 17.75 g / 98 g/mol

n(H2SO4) = 0.1811 mol

With the density and the volume of the solution we get the mass:

ρ(solution)= m(solution) /v(solution)

m(solution) = v(solution) * ρ(solution)

m(solution) = 100 ml * 1.094 g/ml

m(solution) = 109.4 g

Having the mass of the solution we calculate the mass of the water in the solution:

m(H2O) = m(solution) - m solute (H2SO4)

m(H2O) = 109.4 g - 17.75 g

m(H2O) = 91.65 g

We calculate the moles of H2O:

n = m / MW

n(H2O) = m(H2O) / MW (H2O)

n(H2O) = 91.65 g / 18 g/mol

n(H2O) = 5.092  mol

We calculate the total moles of solution:

total moles of solution = n(H2SO4) + n(H2O)

total moles of solution = 0.1811 mol + 5.092  mol

total moles of solution = 5.2731 mol

With the moles of solution we can calculate the mole fraction of each component:

mole fraction (H2SO4)= moles of (H2SO4) / total moles of solution

mole fraction (H2SO4)= 0.1811 mol / 5.2731 mol

mole fraction (H2SO4)= 0.034

mole fraction (H2O)= moles of (H2O) / total moles of solution

mole fraction (H2O)= 5.092  mol / 5.2731 mol

mole fraction (H2O)= 0.966

What is a solution?

In chemistry a solution is known as a homogeneous mixture of two or more components called:

• Solvent
• Solute

Learn more about chemical solution at: brainly.com/question/13182946 and brainly.com/question/25326161

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