Answer:
Explanation:
Action potential
It is the potential or power or electrical energy required to generate impulses and provides communication between the neurons is called action potential. Normally cell membrane consists of potential is called resting membrane potential() -70mV. The action potential is due to exchange of different ions across the membrane.
Phases of the action potential in a neuron are
i. Depolarization- it is caused by the influx of sodium and calcium ions through the opening of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. sodium ion influx is rapid than the calcium ions membrane potential -70mV to +30mV.
ii. Repolarization - It causes the efflux of potassium ions into the cell through the opening of potassium channels. the membrane returning to resting membrane potential.
iii. After- Hyper polarization - in this stage the potassium channels remain open and causes re polarization and comes to normal membrane potential.
The generation of impulses(depolarization) in neuron mainly depends on influx sodium and calcium ions without these ions, no action potential developed and neuron firing does not occur.
If the drugs inhibit these channels, no depolarization, no action potential, no neuronal firing or communication.
The channels involved in an action potential are voltage-gated sodium channels, potassium channels, and calcium channels.
The action potential is required for transmission of information one are to another area in the body.
The responses to different stimuli is due to action potential.
Answer:
Examination doesn't have to start things out in the feeling procedure.
Explanation:
When researchers say ''preferences need no inferences," they mean Examination doesn't have to start things out in the feeling procedure.
The nitrogen cycle in which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into different organic compounds,is one of the most crucial natural processes to sustain living organisms.During the cycle,bacteria in the soil process or fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia,which plants need in order to grow.
Answer:
Apartheid, the Afrikaans’ word for segregation, brought white supremacy to a whole new level as the rest of the continent was decolonizing following World War II. The National Party government treated non-whites as second class citizens and in the case of Africans, non-citizens. By confining Africans to the ‘homelands’ of Bantus tans, the National Party was able to justify stripping away any basic rights Africans had in the country of South Africa. The international community refused to recognize these homelands, and pressure eventually began to build from all sides to allow equal rights for all residents of South Africa. Pressure came in the form of economic sanctions, expulsions from international organizations, and the divestment of foreign companies.
Explanation:
