Question

(a) What is the minimum speed, relative to the Sun, necessary for a spacecraft to escape the solar system if it starts at the Earth's orbit?

Answer 1

Let the minimum speed required be : $V$

Now, to escape solar system means to escape the gravitational pull of the Sun.

The escape velocity is given as: $v=\sqrt{\frac{2 G M}{r}}$

$M &=\text { mass of } \text { sun }=1.9 \times 10^{30} \mathrm{~kg} \\ \\ \\r=\text { distance b/w Earthis orbit }$

$r= distance b/w Earthis orbit of sun.$

$=1.5 \times 10^{11} \mathrm{~m}$

$G= gravitational constant.$

Thus,

$\quad v=\sqrt{\frac{2 \times 6.67 \times 10^{-11} \times 1.9 \times 10^{30}}{1.5 \times 10^{11}}}$

Hence,

$\quad v=4.2 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s} .$

Why is it called a solar system?

There are numerous planetary systems like our own within the universe, with planets orbiting a host star. Our planetary system is named the "solar system" since our Sun is named Sol, after the Latin word for Sun, "solis," and anything related to the Sun we call "solar."

Our solar system comprise of our star, the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity – the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Defaces, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune; predominate planets such as Pluto; handfuls of moons; and millions of space rocks, comets, and meteoroids.

To learn more about solar system, visit;

brainly.com/question/18365761

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