According to the Bronsted-Lowry concept, acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors. In this reaction, NH3 gains protons and H2O loses protons. NH3 is therefore a Bronsted-Lowry base.
NH3 + H2O ⇒ NH4+ + OH-
Base Acid Conjugate acid Conjugate base
A basic solution is formed when ammonia dissolves in water. A small amount of dissolved ammonia reacts with water to form ammonium hydroxide which dissociates into ammonium and hydroxide ions. All these processes are reversible. Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that are easily broken to form H+ and OH ions. This reaction also has multiple reactants, but only one product.
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Answer : Option D) The particles move enough that they are not fixed in place, and the liquid can flow.
Explanation : The kinetic energy of the particles are allowed to move freely and are in motion when in the liquid state whereas the intermolecular particles can just flow; as the intermolecular attractions between the particles allows the liquid to flow by giving them a force to flow.
Given what we know, we can confirm that when forming an expanded octet, selenium hexafluo
ride will hold 6 pairs of shared electrons around its center selenium atom.
<h3>What is an expanded octet?</h3>
- An expanded octet is when an atom can hold more than 8 valence electrons in its outer shell.
- This is possible for those elements in period four of the periodic table.
- Elements that are capable of this form what we call hypervalent compounds.
Therefore, given that during an expanded octet formation, the central atom is capable of holding more than 8 valence electrons in its outer shell, the central atom of a selenium hexafluo
ride compound will have 12 electrons being shared, which results in 6 pairs, making C the correct answer.
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The rate of a reaction is not affected by C) the magnitude of the equilibrium constant.
<h3>What is the rate of a reaction?</h3>
The rate of a reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place, defined as proportional to the increase in the concentration of a product per unit time and to the decrease in the concentration of a reactant per unit time.
Let's consider which of the following factors affect the rate of a reaction.
- A) the concentration of the reactants. YES. The relationship between the concentrations of the reactants and the reaction rate depends on the reaction orders.
- B) presence of a catalyst. YES. Positive catalysts increase the reaction rate whereas negative catalysts decrease it.
- C) the magnitude of the equilibrium constant. NO. The equilibrium constant does not affect the reaction rate.
- D) the temperature of the reaction. YES. Usually, the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction.
- E) the surface area of the solid reactants. YES. The more surface area exposed to react, the faster the reaction.
The rate of a reaction is not affected by C) the magnitude of the equilibrium constant.
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