Question

There are three different dichloroethylenes (molecular formula C₂H₂Cl₂), which we can designate X, Y, and Z. Compound X has no dipole moment, but compound Z does. Compounds X and Z each combine with hydrogen to give the same product:
C₂H₂Cl₂(X or Z) + H₂ → ClCH₂ - CH₂Cl
What are the structures of X, Y, and Z? Would you expect compound Y to have a dipole moment?

Answer 1

Compound X= (E)-1,2-dichloroethene

Compound Y= 1,1-dichloroethene

Compound Z= (Z)-1,2-dichloroethene

Elaboration :

In this case we will have 3 isomers which have the same formula. If we use the formula, the options we have are that the chlorides are attached to the same carbon (compound Y) or different carbons (Compounds X and Y).

Now, the problem gives a clue about compounds X and Y, hydrogenation results in the same compound (see figure) therefore the only difference between the compounds is the orientation of the Cl groups, therefore one of them it must be "E" and the other "Z" (this nomenclature should be used for alkenes, since the cis / trans nomenclature is used for other types of molecules),

so the question is which is the cis isomer and which is the Isomer Z ?

The problem says that compound X has no dipole moment, therefore in compound X the Cl groups must have opposite directions such that the dipole moments of both cancel each other out. In conclusion, compound X is the isomer E, compound Y is the compound in which the Cl groups are on the same carbon and compound z is the isomer Z.

So, yes Y will have a dipole moment

Dipole moment :

A dipole moment is a measurement of the separation of two opposite electrical charges. Dipole moments are a vector quantity. The magnitude is equal to the charge multiplied by the distance between the charges and the direction is from negative charge to positive charge: μ = q · r.

Learn more about dipole moments :

brainly.com/question/1594280

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