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the molecules in which a particular atom is found.
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C. 100% of the offspring will be red-eyed and 100% of females will be carriers.
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XR XR
Xr XRXr XRXr
Y XRY XRY
C) 100% of the offspring will be red-eyed, and 100% of the female offspring will be carriers.
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Variables that can cause the ocean water salinity to decrease include the melting of glaciers, the inflow of river water, and rainfall.
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The work of Thomas Malthus help and influence Darwin Thomas to refine his theory of natural selection by explaining that there is a meaningful competition between the individuals of a particular species or population for a specific resource such as food or shelter.
Thomas Malthus predicted that the human population is reproducing faster than its death race and will lead to growing faster than space and food supplies needed to sustain it. Darwin concluded further that If all offspring of almost any species survived for several generations, they would overrun the world and therefore a healthy and meaningful competition is present and to overcome this natural selection takes place as the individual adapt will ultimately survive.
All of the cells within a complex multi-cellular organism such as a human being contain the same DNA; however, the body of such an organism is clearly composed of many different types of cells.
<u>What, then, makes a liver cell different from a skin or muscle cell</u> is <em>the way each cell deploy (utilizes) its genome</em>. In other words, the particular combination of genes that are turned on (expressed) or turned off (repressed) dictates cellular morphology (shape) and function. This process of gene expression is <em>regulated by cues</em> from both within and outside cells, and the<em> interplay </em>between these cues and the genome <u>affects essentially all processes</u> that occur during embryonic development and adult life.
Outside/Environmental cues include small molecules, secreted proteins (growth factors or signaling molecules), temperature, and oxygen.
The signaling molecules trigger intercellular signaling cascades (series of chemical reactions) that ultimately cause semipermanent changes in expression of genes. Such changes in gene expression can include turning genes completely on or off.
This process is thought to regulate a vast number of cell behaviors, including cell fate decisions during embryogenesis, cell function, and chemotaxis (i.e. cell movement in response to concentration gradient of a particular substance.)