star a and star b have measured stellar parallax of 0.58 arc second and 0.73 arc second, respectively. which star is closer?
1 answer:
Star B is closer than star A, because 1/ 0.58 = 1.72 pc, while 1/.73 = 1.36 pc.
<h3>What is stellar parallax and distance measurement using stellar parallax?</h3>To calculate the distances to nearby stars, astronomers employ a phenomenon known as parallax. The apparent displacement of an object due to a change in the viewer's point of view is known as parallax. The distances between close stars can be calculated using this phenomenon. A nearer star will seem to move against the farther-off background stars as the Earth revolves around the Sun. By measuring a star's position once, then again six months later, astronomers can establish the apparent shift in location of that star. The apparent motion of the star is referred to as stellar parallax.
A straightforward correlation exists between the distance of a star and parallax angle:
The distance d and parallax angle p are both measured in parsecs and arcseconds, respectively.
Stellar parallax of star A= 0.58 arcseconds
Stellar parallax of star B= 0.73 arcseconds
So, on applying the formula,
The distance of the star A= 1.72pc
And the distance of the star B= 1.36pc
Therefore, star B is closer than star A.
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This question is incomplete, the complete question;
you make an interferometer using 50-50 beam splitter and two mirrors, one being a perfect mirror and one which does not reflect all light. The wavelength of the 9 mW incident laser is 400 nm.
Because the top mirror is not perfectly reflective (it reflects 90% of the photons, allowing 10% of them to go through), the power measured at the detector when only the vertical arm is blocked is 2.25 mW, while the power measured at the detector when only the horizontal arm is blocked is only 2.025 mW. Assume initially the intensity is at its maximum. How much would we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector, and what is that minimum intensity
Options;
a) 200 nm; 0.9 mW
b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW
c) 200 nm; 0 mW
d) 100 nm; 0.9 mW
e) 200 nm; 0.0059 mW
Answer:
the amount we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector and the minimum intensity are;
100 nm; 0.0059 mW
Option b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW is the correct answer
Explanation:
Given that the instrument here is an interferometer.
Maximum intensity is obtained when the two waves are exactly in phase.
that is the peaks (crusts and troughs) and nodes (zero value points) of the two waves will be at the exact same point when the wave falls on the detector.
The phase factor of this point is taken as ∅ = 0
Now, to get a minimum point, the phase difference between the two waves should be should be ∅ = π
This corresponds to a path difference between the two waves as half of the wavelength. λ/2
The light gets reflected from the mirror.
Hence, when we move the mirror by a length l, the extra/less path the light has to travel is 2l (light is going and coming back)
hence, to get a path difference of λ/2 the mirror should move half of this distance only
so, the mirror should move;
= λ/4
here, wavelength is 400nm
the length moved by the mirror = 400/4 = 100 nm
The intensity is given by the equation;
=
1 +
2 + 2√
1
2cos(∅)
where
1 = 2.25 mW
2 = 2.025 mW
∅ = π
so we substitute
= 2.25 + 2.025 - 2√(2.25 × 2.025)
= 4.275 - 4.26907
= 0.0059
Therefore; the amount we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector and the minimum intensity are;
100 nm; 0.0059 mW
Option b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW is the correct answer