Because the top mirror is not perfectly reflective (it reflects 90% of the photons, allowing 10% of them to go through), the pow
1 answer:
This question is incomplete, the complete question;
you make an interferometer using 50-50 beam splitter and two mirrors, one being a perfect mirror and one which does not reflect all light. The wavelength of the 9 mW incident laser is 400 nm.
Because the top mirror is not perfectly reflective (it reflects 90% of the photons, allowing 10% of them to go through), the power measured at the detector when only the vertical arm is blocked is 2.25 mW, while the power measured at the detector when only the horizontal arm is blocked is only 2.025 mW. Assume initially the intensity is at its maximum. How much would we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector, and what is that minimum intensity
Options;
a) 200 nm; 0.9 mW
b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW
c) 200 nm; 0 mW
d) 100 nm; 0.9 mW
e) 200 nm; 0.0059 mW
Answer:
the amount we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector and the minimum intensity are;
100 nm; 0.0059 mW
Option b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW is the correct answer
Explanation:
Given that the instrument here is an interferometer.
Maximum intensity is obtained when the two waves are exactly in phase.
that is the peaks (crusts and troughs) and nodes (zero value points) of the two waves will be at the exact same point when the wave falls on the detector.
The phase factor of this point is taken as ∅ = 0
Now, to get a minimum point, the phase difference between the two waves should be should be ∅ = π
This corresponds to a path difference between the two waves as half of the wavelength. λ/2
The light gets reflected from the mirror.
Hence, when we move the mirror by a length l, the extra/less path the light has to travel is 2l (light is going and coming back)
hence, to get a path difference of λ/2 the mirror should move half of this distance only
so, the mirror should move;
= λ/4
here, wavelength is 400nm
the length moved by the mirror = 400/4 = 100 nm
The intensity is given by the equation;
=
1 +
2 + 2√
1
2cos(∅)
where
1 = 2.25 mW
2 = 2.025 mW
∅ = π
so we substitute
= 2.25 + 2.025 - 2√(2.25 × 2.025)
= 4.275 - 4.26907
= 0.0059
Therefore; the amount we need to translate the perfect mirror to the right to get a minimum intensity at detector and the minimum intensity are;
100 nm; 0.0059 mW
Option b) 100 nm, 0.0059 mW is the correct answer
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Answer:
During those 3.00 seconds before stopping, the car travels a distance of 6 m.
Explanation:
The simple rule of three is a tool that is used to quickly solve problems, where three pieces of information must be known, and one of them operates as an unknown to be known.
Two magnitudes are directly proportional if one magnitude increases the other also does it, and if the magnitude decreases the other in the same way.
Being a, b and c known data and x the unknown, the value that we want to know, the rule of three when the magnitudes are directly proportional is applied as follows:
a ⇒ b
c ⇒ x
So:
In this case, knowing that a truck travels at 2 m/s, the rule of three applies as follows: if in 1 second the truck travels 2 m, in 3 seconds how much distance does it travel?
distance= 6 m
<u><em> During those 3.00 seconds before stopping, the car travels a distance of 6 m.</em></u>
Answer:
The 5-number summary is
1. Median = 0.93 W/kg
2. Lower quartile = 0.69 W/kg
3. Upper quartile = 1.16 W/kg
4. Minimum value = 0.54 W/kg
5. Maximum value = 1.42 W/kg
Explanation:
We are given the measured radiation absorption rates (in W/kg) corresponding to 11 cell phones.
1.16 0.85 0.69 0.75 0.95 0.93 1.18 1.17 1.42 0.54 0.57
What is 5-number summary?
A 5-number summary refers to a box plot that basically shows 5 statistical characteristics of a data set.
These statistical characteristics are:
1. Median
2. Lower quartile
3. Upper quartile
4. Minimum value
5. Maximum value
1. Median:
Arrange the data in ascending order
0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
(n+1)/2 gives the median value of the data set.
(11 + 1)/2 = 6th position
Therefore, 0.93 W/kg is the median of the data set.
2. Lower quartile:
Divide the data set into two equal halfs (include median in both if n = odd)
Lower half = 0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93
Upper half = 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
The lower quartile is the median of the lower half of the data set.
Lower half = 0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93
The median is 6/2 = 3rd position
Therefore, the lower quartile of the data set is 0.69 W/kg
3. Upper quartile:
Divide the data set into two equal halfs (include median in both if n = odd)
Lower half = 0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93
Upper half = 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
The upper quartile is the median of the lower half of the data set.
Upper half = 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
The median is 6/2 = 3rd position
Therefore, the upper quartile of the data set is 1.16 W/kg
4. Minimum value:
The minimum value is the least value in the data set.
0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
Therefore, the minimum value of the data set is 0.54 W/kg
5. Maximum value
The maximum value is the least value in the data set.
0.54 0.57 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93 0.95 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.42
Therefore, the maximum value of the data set is 1.42 W/kg
The box plot is illustrated in the attached diagram.
