The ground state electronic configuration has the lowest energy distribution of the electrons. correct option is (A).
The energy associated to an electron is that of its orbital. The energy of configuration is often approximated as the sum of the energy of each electron, neglecting the electron electron interactions.
The configuration that corresponds to the lowest electronic energy is called the ground state. Any other configuration is an excited state.
As an example, the ground state configuration of the sodium atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1, as deduced from Aufbau principle.
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