All components, Abiotic to Biotic
We assume

(acceleration is constant. We apply the equation

where s is the distance to stop

. We find the acceleration from this equation

We know the acceleration, thus we find the distance necesssary to stop when initial speed is

When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory.
Hopefully this helped.
V=Vo+at (velocity=initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time)
40m/s=25m/s+a(3s)
-25 -25
15m/s=a(3s) divide by 3s on both sides
5m/s^2=a