Question

Among elements 1 to 18, which element or elements have the smallest effective nuclear charge?.

Answer 1

As we walk across a period from left to right, the effective nuclear charge rises, whereas it falls as we move down the group. The element with the lowest effective nuclear charge will be found on the left side of the periodic table. The periodic table's group 1 includes H, Li, and Na.

Which nuclear charge has a greater impact?

A fluorine atom's nucleus has a charge Z of 9, but the valence electrons are mostly screened by the core electrons—four electrons from the 1s and 2s orbitals—and to a lesser extent by the 7 electrons in the 2p orbitals. The cation of sodium thus has the highest effective nuclear charge.

In spite of being in the same period as sodium and phosphorus, chlorine has the most protons in its shell (the most inside the same period), giving it the highest effective nuclear charge.

The amount of shielding electrons may be calculated by deducting the amount of valence electrons from the overall number of electrons in the atom or ion.

Learn more about valence electrons refer

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