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What is the hybridization of the central atom in each of the following? 1. Beryllium chloride 2. Nitrogen dioxide 3. Carbon tetr

Lina20 [59]

Answer :

(1) The hybridization of central atom beryllium in $BeCl_2$ is, $sp$

(2) The hybridization of central atom nitrogen in $NO_2$ is, $sp^2$

(3) The hybridization of central atom carbon in $CCl_4$ is, $sp^3$

(4) The hybridization of central atom xenon in $XeF_4$ is, $sp^3d^2$

Explanation :

Formula used :

$\text{Number of electron pair}=\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]$

where,

V = number of valence electrons present in central atom

N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom

C = charge of cation

A = charge of anion

Now we have to determine the hybridization of the following molecules.

(1) The given molecule is, $BeCl_2$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [2+2]=2$

The number of electron pair are 2 that means the hybridization will be $sp$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be linear.

(2) The given molecule is, $NO_2$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [4]=2$

If the sum of the number of sigma bonds, lone pair of electrons and odd electrons present is equal to three then the hybridization will be, $sp^2$ .

In nitrogen dioxide, there are two sigma bonds and one lone electron pair. So, the hybridization will be, $sp^2$ .

(3) The given molecule is, $CCl_4$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [4+4]=4$

The number of electron pair are 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

(4) The given molecule is, $XeF_4$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [8+4]=6$

Bond pair electrons = 4

Lone pair electrons = 6 - 4 = 2

The number of electrons are 6 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3d^2$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be octahedral.

But as there are four atoms around the central xenon atom, the fifth and sixth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be square planar.

3 0

3 years ago

How many atoms are in Ca(C2H3O2)2

irga5000 [103]

15 atoms.

Hope this helped!

3 0

4 years ago

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Study the following two reactions. Select all that apply.

NISA [10]

Its B and D
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7 0

3 years ago

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How are a flashlight and lightening similar and how are they different?

grandymaker [24]

A flashlight is an electric-powered light source; the light source is a light bulb or an LED. The electrical energy is converted into visible light. Flashlights can be hand-held or mounted to a platform. Light from a lighting, on the other hand, is formed by exciting electrons to a higher state.

5 0

4 years ago

What rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time?

Hatshy [7]

The rate of reaction that can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time is the rate of respiration.

Why?

Plants can undergo two types of reactions involving oxygen:

Photosynthesis: In this type of reaction, plants use energy from light to synthesize glucose. The chemical reaction for photosynthesis is: 6H₂O + 6CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, and this reaction produces oxygen gas in the presence of light, that means that to measure the rate of photsynthesis, you'll need to measure the amount of oxgen gas produced in a period of time.
Respiration: In this type of reaction, plants convert the energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules such as glucose to obtain energy. The chemical reaction for respiration is: C₆H₁₂O + 6O₂ → 6H₂O + 6CO₂, since this reaction consumes oxygen gas in the dark, that means that to measure the rate of respiration, you'll need to measure the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time.

Have a nice day!

7 0

4 years ago

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