<u>Answer:</u>
First, the thermometer is dipped into boiling water, and the mercury inside the thermometer rises to a high level, called the boiling point. This level is then marked as 100°C. The thermometer is then dipped into melting ice, which causes the mercury level to fall to a point called the ice point. This point is then marked as 0°C. The length of the thermometer from the 0°C mark to the 100°C point is then divided into 100 equal sections, and the rest of the levels are marked accordingly.
Answer:
Approximate escape speed = 45.3 km/s
Explanation:
Escape speed

Here we have
Gravitational constant = G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻²
R = 1 AU = 1.496 × 10¹¹ m
M = 2.3 × 10³⁰ kg
Substituting

Approximate escape speed = 45.3 km/s
Heat required to change the phase of ice is given by
Q = m* L
here
m = mass of ice
L = latent heat of fusion
now we have
m = 45 kg
L = 334 KJ/kg
now by using above formula


In KJ we can convert this as

so the correct answer is D option