Explanation:
The given reaction equation is as follows.
Hence, initial moles of HCN will be as follows.
Moles = Molarity × Volume
= 
= 48.072 mol
Now, we will calculate the volume of NaOH as follows.
= 70.57 ml
At the equivalence point, moles of both HCN and NaOH will be equal. And, total volume will be as follows.
120 ml + 70.57 ml = 190.57 ml
Initial concentration of 
is as follows.
= 0.25 M
Now, the equilibrium equation will be as follows.
Initial: 0.25
Equilbm: 0.25 - x x x
Expression to find 
is as follows.
We know that, 
= antilog (-9.21)
= 
As, 
x = ![0.2 \times 10^{-2} = [OH^{-}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.2%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-2%7D%20%3D%20%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D)
Now, we will calculate the pH as follows.
pOH = ![-log[OH^{-}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-log%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D)
as pOH = 2.698
And, pH + pOH = 14
pH = 14 - 2.698
= 11.30
Thus, we can conclude that pH at equivalence is 11.30.
Answer:
pV= nRT
Explanation:
(p1 × V1)/ T1/ (p2 × V2)/ T2
Pv =nRT
T= 273
n = 0.500
v= 11.2
R= 0.08206
p= 0.5×0.08206×273 ÷ (11.2) =10.00
Options are as follow,
A. The ionization energy decreases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases.
B. The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases.
C. The ionization energy decreases because the ratio of the protons to electrons decreases.
<span>D. The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons decreases.
</span>
Answer:
Option-B (The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases).
Explanation:
Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove one electron from the valence shell of an atom.
Also, first IE is energy required for removing electron from neutral atom, 2nd IE is energy required for is for removing electron from a mono positive atom and so on.
Example:
1st IE of Na is 495.8 kJ/mol
2nd IE of Na is 4562.4 kJ/mol
Second ionization energy is greater because after the removal of first electron the ratio of protons to electrons increases, resulting in more nuclear effect. Also, the second IE is greater because the Na⁺ having noble gas configuration is a stable state, hence more energy is required to knock out electron from it.
