The most common method astronomers use to determine the composition of stars, planets, and other objects is spectroscopy. This process utilizes instruments with a grating that spreads out the light from an object by wavelength. This spread-out light is called a spectrum. Every element has a unique fingerprint that allows researchers to determine what it is made of.
The fingerprint often appears as the absorption of light. Every atom has electrons, and these electrons like to stay in their lowest-energy levels. But when photons carrying energy hit an electron, they can push it to higher energy levels. This is absorption, and each element’s electrons absorb light at specific wavelengths related to the difference between energy levels in that atom. But the electrons want to return to their original levels, so they don’t hold onto the energy for long. When they emit the energy, they release photons with exactly the same wavelengths of light that were absorbed in the first place. An electron can release this light in any direction, so most of the light is emitted in directions away from our line of sight. Therefore, a dark line appears in the spectrum at that particular wavelength.
Because the wavelengths at which absorption lines occur are unique for each element, astronomers can measure the position of the lines to determine which elements are present in a target. The amount of light that is absorbed can also provide information about how much of each element is present.
Given the model from the question,
- The products are: N₂, H₂O and H₂
- The reactants are: H₂ and NO
- The limiting reactant is H₂
- The balanced equation is: 3H₂ + 2NO —> N₂ + 2H₂O + H₂
<h3>Balanced equation </h3>
From the model given, we obtained the ffolowing
- Red => Oxygen
- Blue => Nitrogen
- White => Hydrogen
Thus, we can write the balanced equation as follow:
3H₂ + 2NO —> N₂ + 2H₂O + H₂
From the balanced equation above,
- Reactants: H₂ and NO
- Product: N₂, H₂O and H₂
<h3>How to determine the limiting reactant</h3>
3H₂ + 2NO —> N₂ + 2H₂O + H₂
From the balanced equation above,
3 moles of H₂ reacted with 2 moles of NO.
Therefore,
5 moles of H₂ will react with = (5 × 2) / 3 = 3.33 moles of NO
From the calculation made above, we can see that only 3.33 moles of NO out of 4 moles given are required to react completely with 5 moles of H₂.
Thus, H₂ is the limiting reactant
Learn more about stoichiometry:
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Answer:
A. 6N
B. 4H, 2O
C. 4H, 4N, 12O
D. 2Ca, 4O, 4H
E. 3Ba, 6Cl, 18O
F. 5Fe, 10N, 30O
G. 12Mg, 8P, 32O
H. 4N, 16H, 2S, 8O
I. 12Al, 18Se, 72O
J. 12C, 32H
I am 90% sure this is correct
excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds
, can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional and can disrupt tissue function.
