Answer:
DNA and fingerprint technology is said to be very accurate as it uses chemicals to separate strands of your own unique DNA to reveal the unique parts of your genome. which is your genetic make-up
This technology emerged in 1984 and invented by Professor Sir Alec Jeffreys who realized that you could detect variations in human DNA, in the form of these mini-satellites to produce a pattern unique to an individual
Human error still plays a role in terms of lab staff who make errors in conducting the DNA analysis, interpreting it or reporting the results of the analysis sometimes it occurs in entering the resulting DNA profile into a DNA database system which may result from a failure to comply a procedure, misjudgement, or some other mistake. There are protocols and precautions which can be introduced to minimise the opportunity for error during analysis or interpretation, however, the potential for human error cannot be fully eliminated.
Answer:
Both facilitated diffusion and active transport are selective processes. Only selective molecules are allowed to cross the membrane. They utilize carrier proteins to move across the membrane.
Explanation:
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move across a membrane respective of the concentration gradient. The plasma membrane is a <em>selectively permeable membrane</em> which allows specific molecules to move across the concentration gradient.
Molecules migrate from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration in case of diffusion. It can be classified into simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. These are examples of <em>passive transport</em>.
In facilitated diffusion molecules move across the concentration gradient with the help of <em>carrier proteins or channel proteins</em>. The carrier proteins bind to the molecule which has to be transported and change conformation to allow it to cross the membrane. For example glucose molecule is carried across through <em>GLUT transporter</em>. <em>Channel proteins</em> open a channel inside the membrane and molecules get transported across the gradient.
Active transport carries molecules against the concentration gradient with the assist of energy. ATP hydrolysis is utilized to generate energy. As a result of active transport, the molecules are aggregated on one side of the membrane.
Answer:
In medicine, genetic engineering has been used to mass-produce insulin, human growth hormones, follistim (for treating infertility), human albumin, monoclonal antibodies, antihemophilic factors, vaccines, and many other drugs. In research, organisms are genetically engineered to discover the functions of certain genes.
Explanation:
