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mrs_skeptik [129]
3 years ago
10

A sample of air with a volume of 2.20m3 at a pressure of 105 KPa and a temperature of 30c is cooled to 10c and the pressure is r

educed to 75.0 KPa.
What is the new volume?
6.9
1.34
2.56
43.0
2.88
Chemistry
2 answers:
GenaCL600 [577]3 years ago
7 0
It would be 43.0


hope it's right sir
Anna [14]3 years ago
5 0

Answer: The answer is 2.88 m3

Explanation: Since temperature, pressure and volume are given in the question, the general gas equation will be useful in calculating the new volume.

General gas equation,

(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2) /T2 ................ (1)

Where,

P1 = Initial pressure

P2 = Final pressure

V1 = Initial volume

V2 = Final volume

T1 = Initial temperature in kelvin

T2 = Final temperature in Kelvin

Hence, from the question :

P1 = 105 KPa = 105,000 Pa

P2 = 75 KPa = 75,000 Pa

V1 = 2.20 m3

V2 =?

T1 = 30 °C = (273+30) K = 303 K

T2 =10 °C = (273+10) K = 283 K

Therefore, substitute these value into the general gas equation as given in eq (1) above.

V2 = (P1V1T2) /P2V1

V2 = (105000×2.2×283)/ (75000×303)

V2 = 2.88 m3

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mafiozo [28]
Number five is decrease
7 0
3 years ago
How can you determine which bond in a structure is more polar without using an electronegativity table?
UkoKoshka [18]
To know this you pretty much do have to kind of memorize a few electronegativities. I don't recall ever getting a table of electronegativities on an exam.
From the structure, you have:

I remember the following electronegativities most because they are fairly patterned:
EN
H
=
2.1
EN
C
=
2.5
EN
N
=
3.0
EN
O
=
3.5
EN
F
=
4.0
EN
Cl
=
3.5
Notice how carbon through fluorine go in increments of
~
0.5
. I believe Pauling made it that way when he determined electronegativities in the '30s.
Δ
EN
C
−
Cl
=
1.0
Δ
EN
C
−
H
=
0.4
Δ
EN
C
−
C
=
0.0
Δ
EN
C
−
O
=
1.0
Δ
EN
O
−
H
=
1.4
So naturally, with the greatest electronegativity difference of
4.0
−
2.5
=
1.5
, the
C
−
F
bond is most polar, i.e. that bond's electron distribution is the most drawn towards the more electronegative compound as compared to the rest.
When the electron distribution is polarized and drawn towards a more electronegative atom, the less electronegative atom has to move inwards because its nucleus was previously favorably attracted to the electrons from the other atom.
That means generally, the greater the electronegativity difference between two atoms is, the shorter you can expect the bond to be, insofar as the electronegative atom is the same size as another comparable electronegative atom.
However, examining actual data, we would see that on average, in conditions without other bond polarizations occuring:
r
C
−
Cl
≈
177 pm
r
C
−
C
≈
154 pm
r
C
−
O
≈
143 pm
r
C
−
F
≈
135 pm
r
C
−
H
≈
109 pm
r
O
−
H
≈
96 pm
So it is not necessarily the least electronegativity difference that gives the longest bond.
Therefore, you cannot simply consider electronegativity. Examining the radii of the atoms, you should notice that chlorine is the biggest atom in the compound.
r
Cl
≈
79 pm
r
C
≈
70 pm
r
H
≈
53 pm
r
O
≈
60 pm
So assuming the answer is truly
C
−
C
, what would have to hold true is that:
The
C
−
F
bond polarization makes the carbon more electropositive (which is true).
The now more electropositive carbon wishes to attract bonding pairs from chlorine closer, thereby shortening the
C
−
Cl
bond, and potentially the
C
−
H
bond (which is probably true).
The shortening of the
C
−
Cl
bond is somehow enough to be shorter than the
C
−
C
bond (this is debatable).
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