Answer: The boiling point of water is an absolute constant
Explanation:
The boiling point of a compound is NOT an absolute constant. This is because at certain conditions such as a change in altitude, the boiling point of a compound changes.
As temperature increases, evaporation increases and vapour pressure increases. Compounds boils when vapour pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure.
At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is decreses.
When atmospheric pressure is decresed, the vapour pressure of the compound is lowered to reach boiling point. Therefore, the temperature needed for vapour pressure to equal atmospheric pressure is lower. The boiling point is lower at higher altitude.
Hence boiling point depends on atmospheric pressure
Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom or ion preset in gaseous phase to form a negative ion then it is known as electron affinity.
As we move across a period, due to the decrease in size of atom there will be increase in electron affinity. And, when we move down a group then there will be decrease in electron affinity.
More positive is the value of electron affinity more readily the atom can gain an electron. And, more negative value of electron affinity means atom will have difficulty in gaining an electron.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement it tends to be more negative down a group correctly summarizes the trend in electron affinity.
The cloud with those characteristics is #1
The average distance a gas particle travels between collisions (with the wall or another particle is called the mean free path.
According to the kinetic theory of gases, the particles of a gas (atoms or molecules) have the highest kinetic energy and travel at high speeds. At standard temperature and pressure, a gas particle can reach speeds of about 470m/s.
Despite the high speeds gas particles travel, it still takes a while for the fragrance of an opened perfume to diffuse to the other end of the room. This is because when moving, the molecules do not have a free path. They constantly collide with other particles and the walls of the container and change direction randomly. The average distance a single particle can travel without colliding with other particles, or the wall of the container is called the mean free path.
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