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lbvjy [14]
3 years ago
9

Change in Energy Quick Check

Physics
1 answer:
nika2105 [10]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The force of gravity on the object decreases.  (FALSE)

The potential energy of the object decreases.  (TRUE)

The acceleration due to gravity decreases.  (FALSE)

The kinetic energy of the object decrease (FALSE)

Explanation:

<u>FORCE OF GRAVITY:</u>

Force of gravity on the object is the weight of object, which depends upon the mass and value of acceleration due to gravity (W = mg). Since, the value mass is constant on Earth and acceleration due to gravity is also constant on earth.

Therefore, force of gravity remains same on the object. <u>The statement is false.</u>

<u></u>

<u>POTENTIAL ENERGY:</u>

Potential energy of object depends upon the mass, value of acceleration due to gravity, and change in height of object (P.E = mgΔh). Since, the value mass is constant on Earth and acceleration due to gravity increases as the object moves towards the surface of earth. But, the height of object is decreasing.

Therefore, potential energy of object decreases. <u>The statement is true.</u>

<u></u>

<u>ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY:</u>

Acceleration due to gravity depends upon the altitude (gh = g[1 - 2h/Re]). Since, the height of object is decreasing.

Therefore, acceleration due to gravity increases. <u>The statement is false.</u>

But, this change is not significant.

<u>KINETIC ENERGY:</u>

Kinetic Energy of object, which depends upon the mass and velocity of the object (K.E = mv²/2). Since, the value mass is constant on Earth and velocity increases as the object moves towards the surface of earth.

Therefore, kinetic energy of the object also increases. <u>The statement is false.</u>

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The answer is Maria or Lunar mare because they are both made of basalt. Hope this helps.
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A 500 kg sack of coal falls vertically onto a 2000 kg railroad flatcar which was initially moving horizontally at 3 m/s. no exte
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Since there are no external forces, including friction, act on the flatcar. after the sack rests on the flatcar, we would assume that momentum is conserved. This means that

total momentum of car before collision = total momentum of car after collision.

Recall,

momentum = mass x velocity

From the information given,

mass of car before collision = 2000

velocity of car before collision = 3

Thus,

total momentum of car before collision = 2000 x 3 = 6000

Also,

mass of sack = 500

mass of car and sack after collision = 500 + 2000 = 2500

velocity after collision = v

momentum after collision = 2500 x v = 2500v

Since momentum is conserved, then

6000 = 2500v

v = 6000/2500

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6 0
1 year ago
The effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electron of Na is different than the effective nuclear charge experien
Nesterboy [21]

Answer:

B) Na has a lower first ionization energy than Ne.  

Explanation:

The atomic number¹ for Na has a value of 11 while in the case of Ne this value is 10. That means that Sodium (Na) has a total number of 11 protons, 11 neutrons and 11 electrons (since it is electrically neutral²). For the case of Neon (Ne) it has 10 protons, 10 neutrons and 10 electrons.

As the atomic number increases, the atomic radius³ shrinks (the orbitals are closer to the nucleus) as a consequence of the electric force. For the case of sodium (Na) the electron in the outermost orbital will experience a lower electric force than the electron placed in the outermost orbital in the atom of Neon (Ne).

Although, the sodium’s atom has more protons and therefore electrons, these eleven electrons will be organized according with the electronic configuration⁴ in the different shells (orbitals) of probabilities of their positions around the atom.

The electronic configuration for Na is:

1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹

The electronic configuration for Ne is:

1s²2s²2p⁶

Since Na needs another orbital to placed its outermost electron, the atomic radius will have a greater value than Ne. The electric force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two charged particles, as is established in Coulomb’s law:

F = \kappa_{0} \frac{q1q2}{r^{2}}    (1)

Where q1 and q2 are the charges, \kappa_{0} is the proportionality constant and r is the distance between the two charges.

Hence, the electron in the outermost orbital of Ne is submitted to a greater electric force according with equation 1, the required energy to remove it (ionization energy⁵) will be greater than in the case of Na (<u>for that case will be the first ionization energy</u>).

¹Atomic number: The number of protons or electrons in an atom.

²Electricaly neutral: All the charges are balanced (same number of positive charges and negative charges).

³Atomic radius: Distance between the center of the nucleus and an electron placed in the outermost orbital for a specific atom.

⁴Electronic configuration: Show how the electrons of an atom will be arranged in different orbitals according with the fact that each orbital has a specific number of electrons that can be held.

⁵Ionization energy: Energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

Key values:

First ionization energy of Na: 495 kJ/mol

First ionization energy of Ne: 2080 kJ/mol

Atomic radius of Na: 2.27 Å

Atomic radius of Ne: 1.54 Å

Atomic number of Na: 11

Atomic number of Ne: 10

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Explanation:

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