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erica [24]
3 years ago
10

Scientists studying an anomalous magnetic field find that it is inducing a circular electric field in a plane perpendicular to t

he magnetic field. The electric field strength 1.5 m from the center of the circle is 3.5 mV/m. At what rate is the magnetic field changing?
Physics
1 answer:
yarga [219]3 years ago
8 0

Answer

The rate at which the magnetic field is changing is  [\frac{dB}{dt} ] =  0.000467 T/s

Explanation

From the question we are told that

   The electric field strength is E =  3.5mV/m =  3.5 *10^{-3} \ V/m

    The radius is  r =  1.5 \ m

The rate of change of the  magnetic  field  is mathematically represented as

        \frac{d \phi }{dt}  =  \int\limits^{} {E \cdot dl}

Where dl is change of a unit length

     \frac{d \phi}{dt}  =  A *  \frac{dB}{dt}

Where A is the area which is mathematically represented as

     A = \pi r^2

    So

    E \int\limits^{} {  dl} =  ( \pi r^2) (\frac{dB}{dt} )  

  E L  =  ( \pi r^2) (\frac{dB}{dt} )  

where L is the circumference of the circle which is mathematically represented as

     L = 2 \pi r

So

     E (2 \pi r ) =  (\pi r^2 ) [\frac{dB}{dt} ]

      E  =   \frac{r}{2}  [\frac{dB}{dt} ]

       [\frac{dB}{dt} ] = \frac{E}{ \frac{r}{2} }

substituting values

      [\frac{dB}{dt} ] = \frac{3.5 *10^{-3}}{ \frac{15}{2} }

      [\frac{dB}{dt} ] =  0.000467 T/s    

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The peak of emission for the spectrum will be displaced to shorter wavelengths as the temperature increase (Wien’s displacement law).

The spectral density energy is related with the temperature and the wavelength (Planck’s law).

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The object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the blue is 1.55 times hotter than the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the red.

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A blackbody is an ideal body that absorbs all the thermal radiation that hits its surface, thus becoming an excellent emitter, as these bodies express themselves without light radiation, and therefore they look black.

The radiation of a blackbody depends only on its temperature, thus being independent of its shape, material and internal constitution.

If it is study the behavior of the total energy emitted from a blackbody at different temperatures, it can be seen how as the temperature increases the energy will also increase, this energy emitted by the blackbody is known as spectral radiance and the result of the behavior described previously is Stefan's law:

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Where \sigma is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature.

The Wien’s displacement law establish how the peak of emission of the spectrum will be displace to shorter wavelengths as the temperature increase (inversely proportional):

\lambda max = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{T}   (2)

Planck’s law relate the temperature with the spectral energy density (shape) of the spectrum:

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b) According to Wien's Law, how many times hotter is an object whose blackbody emission spectrum peaks in the blue, at a wavelength of 450 nm, than a object whose spectrum peaks in the red, at 700 nm?

It is need it to known the temperature of both objects before doing the comparison. That can be done by means of the Wien’s displacement law.

Equation (2) can be rewrite in terms of T:

T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{\lambda max}   (4)

Case for the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the blue:

Before replacing all the values in equation (4), \lambda max (450 nm) will be express in meters:

450 nm . \frac{1m}{1x10^{9} nm}  ⇒ 4.5x10^{-7}m

T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{4.5x10^{-7}m}

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Case for the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the red:

Following the same approach above:

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T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{7x10^{-7}m}

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Comparison:

\frac{6440 K}{4140 K} = 1.55

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