The ciliates<span> have both a </span>micronucleus<span> and </span>macronucleus<span>, which appear quite homogeneous in composition. The organelles of protozoa have functions similar to the organs of higher animals. The </span>plasma membrane<span> enclosing the </span>cytoplasm<span> also covers the projecting locomotory structures such as </span>pseudopodia<span>, </span>cilia<span>, and </span>flagella<span>.
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<span>Disaccharides need to be broken down into their component subunits (monosaccharides) before their absorption. The reaction that breaks them up is hydrolysis and it is done by enzymes- <span>glucosidases. Glucosidases are located on the brush border of the small intestine, attached to the surface of the epithelial cells. After the catalyzation of these disaccharides, the epithelial cells take up the monosaccharides and transport them inside using ATP energy. From there they are transported into the bloodstream.</span></span>
Answer:
- Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
- Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2
Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. While water is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis, in cellular respiration oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water. While photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. It is the released oxygen that is used by us and most other organisms for cellular respiration. We breathe in that oxygen, which is carried through our blood to all our cells. In our cells, oxygen allows cellular respiration to proceed. Cellular respiration works best in the presence of oxygen. Without oxygen, much less ATP would be produced.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are important parts of the carbon cycle. The carbon cycle is the pathways through which carbon is recycled in the biosphere. While cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the environment, photosynthesis pulls carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis and cellular respiration worldwide helps to keep atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide at stable levels.
Explanation:
This is extremely vague, but assuming this is regarding concentration gradient in the nervous system, the Sodium-Potassium pump is responsible for transporting sodium and potassium.
There are 3 main processes in urine formation. These are Filtration, reabsorption and secretion.
Filtration
Blood enters the afferent arteriole and goes to glomerulus where blood is filtered and it will sip inside the glomerulus and nonfilterable components will go into efferent arteriole.
Reabsoprtion
Molecules and ions will be reabsrobed into the system. The fluid will pass into the proximal, distal and convoluted tubules, loop of henle, as water an ions are removed as the fluid osmolarty changes. Last is secretion of substance that is not filtered.
