Explanation:
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<u>-to determine how long ago two species of animals shared an ancestor</u>
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The molecular lock describes a method which utilizes mutation rates for DNA over time, to determine the divergence of two species sharing common ancestry,due to evolution. Along with genetic drift, selective mating and natural selection, evolution may occur within populations due to spontaneous heritable changes to DNA, called mutations, over time.
Further Explanation:
During reproduction, other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
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Just for more clarification, lowercase k is the rate constant. Uppercase K is the equilibrium constant. You can actually use k to find K (equilibrium constant). K=k/k' This means that the equilibrium constant is the rate constant of the forward reaction divided by the rate constant of the reverse reaction
A model aids in visualizing a molecule and understanding its properties.
In chemistry, models of molecules give us an idea about the arrangement of atoms in the molecules. Usually, the arrangement of atoms in a molecules determines the kind of reactions that the molecule can undergo.
Models are three dimensional representations of what molecules look like. They help us to conceptualize the possible orientation of atoms and groups in the molecule.
Looking at the model of H2SO4, it becomes easier to understand the chemical and physical properties of the compound owing to the arrangement of atoms.
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Answer:The electromagnetic spectrum includes, from longest wavelength to shortest: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, optical, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma-rays.
Explanation:
