The component of the force in negative z-direction is -0.144 N.
The given parameters;
- <em>current in the wire, I = 2.7 A</em>
- <em>length of the wire, L = (3.2 i + 4.3j) cm</em>
- <em>magnetic filed, B = 1.24 i</em>
The force on the segment of the wire is calculated as follows;

where;
- <em>θ is the angle wire and magnetic field</em>
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The force on the wire segment will be perpendicular in negative z-direction (applying right hand rule), so there won't be any x and y component of the force.
The angle between the wire and the magnetic field is calculated as follows;

The magnitude of the wire length is calculated as follows;

The component of the force in negative z-direction is calculated as;

Thus, the component of the force in negative z-direction is -0.144 N.
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Given the fact that energy conversion is not entirely efficient, it is impossible to produce a perpetual motion machine.
<h3>What is a perpetual motion machine?</h3>
The perpetual motion machine in one that is able to work continuously without stopping. This would mean that the efficiency of this machine must that the machine is 100% efficient which violates the second law of thermodynamics.
Thus, given the fact that energy conversion is not entirely efficient and energy looses cause machines not function effectively, it is impossible to produce a perpetual motion machine.
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Answer:
The shadow will appear dark
Explanation:
Your shadow is caused by your body blocking incident light rays from reach the ground under the shadow area. The absence of light means there will be no light reflected from the ground making it appear dark.
We use the equation y = kx
y = 18, x = 2.5
18 = k2.5
k = 7.2
x = 6.4
y = 7.2*6.4
y = 46.08
hope this help