Question

Which law of motion accounts for the following statement?"The gravity of the Sun causes the planets to move in a circular path."

Answer 1

The law that accounts for that exact statement is the law that says that
most people don't understand these things very well.

A better statement is:
"The gravitational forces between the Sun and each planet cause each planet
to move in an elliptical path."

The laws that account for that behavior are:

-- Newton's second law of motion: (Force) = (mass) x (acceleration)

-- Newton's law of universal gravity

Answer 2

Explanation :

The gravity of the Sun causes the planets to move in a circular path. This is because of Newton's first law of motion.

According to Newton's first law, the body will remain at rest or in uniform motion untill external unbalanced force acts.

There are two forces acting on planets i.e. gravitational force and inertia of their orbits. So, form Newton's first law the planets keeps on moving in a circular path.