The given statement"If the pressure of a gas sample is quadrupled and the absolute temperature is doubled" is false.
Answer: Option B
<u>Explanation:</u>
As we know the direct relationship between Pressure and Temperature by the Gay-Lussac’s Law,

From this, we get,


So, according to given statement, we have 
Then from the above expression, we can find out the value of
when pressure increased by 4 times of initial pressure as,

Hence, we get,

Hence, from the above expression we can say that as we increase the pressure four times, the temperature does not get doubled. So, the given statement in the question is false.
It tells us the number of protons that are present in the nucleus, the positively charged region of that atom.
Question :
If a body acquires a charge of -0.02 C, has it gained or lost electrons? Many?
Solution :
We know, charge gained is shown by negative sign.
Since, charged acquired is given as -0.02 C .
Therefore, it is body has gained electrons.
Now, number of electrons is given by :

Hence, this is the required solution.
Answer:
Mechanical advantage = 3
Explanation:
You exert a 100-N force on a pulley system to lift 300-N.
The mechanical advantage of the system is given by the ratio of output force to the input force.
Here, output force = 300 N and input force = 100 N
Mechanical advantage,

Mechanical advantage is 3 it means that there are 3 sections of rope support. Hence, this is the required solution.