How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does an atom with atomic number 50 and mass number 125 contain?

1 answer:

5 0

The number of protons in an atom is equal the atomic number (= 50)

The sum of the Neutrons and Protons is the Atomic Mass (=125)
Neutrons + Protons=125

Plug in for the protons (50)
Neutrons +(50)=125

Then, once solved, we have Neutrons = 75

Assuming the atom is NOT an ion, the amount of electrons is equal to the number of protons. (protons=electrons=50=50)

Therefore:
There are 50 electrons, 50 protons, and 75 electrons.

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Which of the following isoelectronic series is correctly ranked from largest ionic radius to smallest ionic radius? 1. N 3−, O 2

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Answer:

Option 1: N⁻³ > O⁻² > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg⁺²

Explanation:

Ionic radius is the radius of an atom´s ion in ionic crystal structure. In an ion that lose an electron, to form a cation, the radius of the ion gets smaller, because the repulsion between electrons decrease because fewer electrons are present. Conversely, adding on electron to a neutral atom, to form an anion, causes electron - electron repulsions to increase, so the size of the radius of the ion gets bigger.

Isoelectronic species are ions or elements that have the same number of electrons in their electronic shells but have different overall charges, because of their different atomic numbers.

In a isolelectronic series (same number of electrons), the increase of the positive charge (given by the number of protons in the nucleus), will cause a decrease in radius beacuse the greater electrostatic attraction between the electrons and the nucleus. Consequently, the ion with the greatest nuclear charge will have the smallest ionic radius and the ion with the smallest nulear charge will have the largest ionic radius.

We will use this principle to solve our problem.

In our case, the given ions are:

N⁻³ : Z = 7, e⁻ = 10
O⁻²: Z= 8, e⁻ =10
F⁻: Z = 9, e⁻ = 10
Na⁺: Z= 11, e⁻ = 10
Mg⁺²: Z=12, e⁻ =10

where Z= number of protons, and e⁻ = number of electrons.

Hence the decreasing order of ionic radius is:

N⁻³ > O⁻² > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg⁺²

Have a nice day!

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