Increasing order of strength needed to break bonds:
temporary dipole induced dipole interactions
Permanent dipole induced dipole interactions
Hydrogen bonding
The answer is 2 electrons.
The electron configuration of calcium is 2:8:8:2
Calcium has two electrons in its outermost shell. These are its valence electrons and are the ones used in bonding with other elements. Valence electrons of an atom are those electrons that are in its outer energy shell or that are available for bonding.
Calcium is a metal. When metals react with non-metals, electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non-metal atoms forming ions. The resulting compound is known as an ionic compound.
For example, when calcium metal reacts with chlorine gas, calcium gives up its two valence electrons and Chlorine accepts them resulting in a new substance called calcium chloride in which the two elements have ended up forming ionic bonds.
There is not enough information to determine anything about the relative abundances of the two isotopes.
<h3>What are isotopes?</h3>
Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. We know that all the isotopes of an element are not available to the same extent in nature.
Hence, from the average atomic mass of carbon, we can see that there is not enough information to determine anything about the relative abundances of the two isotopes.
Learn more about isotopes:brainly.com/question/11680817
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<u>ANSWER</u></h3>
2. Neon, only
<h3>
<u>EXPLANATION</u></h3>
When Na and F combine they form an electron configuration of 2-8. Na electron configuration is 2-8-1 while F is 2-7, so when they form an ionic bond F will gain Na outermost electron to complete its valence shell due to having a higher negativity. Neon has an electron configuration of 2-8 but argon has 2-8-8.
