An independent variable is the variable you are changing in order to measure the dependent variable, which is what you are measuring.
In this example, the
independent variable: chemicals in solution
dependent variable: temperature of solution
Answer:
175 meters
Explanation:
As it's velocity is 35m/s
so,
by formula
35 *5
175 meters
Answer:
* 
* 
* 
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the mole fraction of methanol we use the formula:
Thus, we compute the moles of both water (molar mass 18 g/mol) and methanol (molar mass 32 g/mol):
Hence, mole fraction is:
Next, mass percent is:
And the molality, considering the mass of water in kg (0.185 kg):
Regards.
Answer:
(B) HNO3 + NaOH
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the production of sodium nitrate a substance having the sodium as a cation should react with another substance having the nitrate anion. Moreover, neutralization reactions are carried out when bases react with acids, such is the case of nitric acid and sodium hydroxide:
Thus, the answer is (B) HNO3 + NaOH as the other options involve salts rather than acids or bases as starting reactants.
Regards.
Answer:
ΔGreaction < 0
ΔSuniverse > 0
ΔHreaction < 0
Explanation:
A spontaneous process is one which can proceed without additional input of energy releasing free energy in the process and then moves to a lower more stable thermodynamical state.
For an isolated system, a spontaneous process proceeds with an increase in entropy.
The conditions for a spontaneous process at constant temperature and pressure, can be determined using the change in Gibbs free energy, which is given by: ∆G = ∆H - T∆S
Where ∆G is change in free energy; ∆H is change in enthalpy or Heat content; ∆S is change in entropy, T is temperature.
For a process to be spontaneous, the following conditions are necessary:
1. ∆G < 0; must be negative
2. ∆S > 0; there must be an increase in entropy
3. ∆H < 0; enthalpy change must be negative such that heat is lost to the surroundings
The above conditions ensures that ∆G is negative and the process is spontaneous.
