Answer: Entropy.
Explanation:
If we recall the laws of thermodynamics, there is a state function called entropy, that is related to the disorder in the system.
Such that, for example, in a gas expansion, we will have an increase in the "disorder" then we will have an increase in the entropy, this happens because we have more volume where the particles can be, then we have a larger number of "microstates" (or microscopic states, which refers to the states of the particles that conform the gas)
Particularly, when we go into statistical thermodynamics, there is something called the "Statistical entropy" that is related to the information theory, where the entropy depends on the number of possible outcomes that some event, like a chemical reaction, can have.
For a larger number of possible outcomes, we will have a larger entropy (we can think of this larger number of possible options as a disorder) and this entropy will be related to the statistical probability of each one of those outcomes.
Where the (most general) equation for the entropy is:
S = Kb*Σpₙ*ln(pₙ)
Where pₙ is the probability for the n-th outcome.
Kb is Boltzman's constant.
Answer:
60.094 kJ/mol is the standard molar enthalpy of neutralization for this reaction.
Explanation:
Moles of nitric acid = n
Volume of nitric solution = 60 mL = 0.060 L
Molarity of the hydrogen peroxide = 0.983 M
Moles of sodium hydroxide = n'
Volume of sodium hydroxide solution = 40.0 mL = 0.040 L
Molarity of the sodium hydroxide= 1.842 M
As we can see that moles of sodium hydroxide are in excessive amount and moles of nitric acid are in limiting amount.So, enthalpy of reaction will be calculated with respect to the moles of nitric acid .
Energy released on the reaction for the given amount of acid and base = Q
Q = 3.2439 kJ
0.05898 moles of nitric acid gives 3.2439 kJ of energy.
Energy release when 1 mol of nitric acid reacts:
60.094 kJ/mol is the standard molar enthalpy of neutralization for this reaction.
Answer: The Limiting Reagent is the stuff that limits the solution of the reaction.
Ex: A potato pairs with a tomato. You have 4 potatoes and whatever amount of tomatoes, your solution will always for 4 pairs because potatoes is the <em>limited reagent.</em>
Answer:
1.1 M
Explanation:
The dissociation of is as follows:
Given Value for
The equation for the reaction for the formation of complex ion is :
The value of
If we combine both equation and find the overall equilibrium constant will be:
<u> </u>
If = x M
The solubility of in the solution will be:
Constructing an ICE Table; we have :
Initial (M) x 0 0
Change (M) -2 (0.0518) + 0.0518 + 0.0518
Equilibrium (M) x - 0.1156 0.0518 0.0518
Equilibrium constant;
(K) =
x = [NH₃] = 1.089 M
[NH₃] ≅ 1.1 M
Answer:
The statement is true.
Explanation:
&he pressure exerted by a liquid depends on the height of the liquid column. Where h is height and ρ is density. As the height increases, pressure will also increase.