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Hello!
Recall the period of an orbit is how long it takes the satellite to make a complete orbit around the earth. Essentially, this is the same as 'time' in the distance = speed * time equation. For an orbit, we can define these quantities:
← The circumference of the orbit
speed = orbital speed, we will solve for this later
time = period
Therefore:
Where 'r' is the orbital radius of the satellite.
First, let's solve for 'v' assuming a uniform orbit using the equation:
G = Gravitational Constant (6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²)
m = mass of the earth (5.98 × 10²⁴ kg)
r = radius of orbit (1.276 × 10⁷ m)
Plug in the givens:
Now, we can solve for the period:
To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to the Centrifugal Force and the Gravitational Force. Since there is balance on the body these two Forces will be equal, mathematically they can be expressed as
Where,
m = Mass
G =Gravitational Universal Constant
M = Mass of the Planet
r = Distance/Radius
Re-arrange to find the velocity we have,
At the same time we know that the period is equivalent in terms of the linear velocity to,
If our values are that the radius of mars is 3400 km and the distance above the planet is 100km more, i.e, 3500km we have,
Replacing we have,
Therefore the correct answer is C.