Question

Temperature is a measure of how much the atoms in a substance are moving. Why is a substance hotter in the gas state than in the liquid state?

Answer 1

Answer: The particles of gases are moving with a greater kinetic energy than the particles of liquid state.

Explanation:

In gaseous state, the particles are randomly arranged which means there is a lot of intermolecular spacing between them. This means that the particles are constant moving and have more kinetic energy.

In liquid state, the particles are arranged orderly as compared to the gaseous state which means that the intermolecular spacing between the particles is less than the gaseous state. This means that the particles have less kinetic energy.

We are given that the temperature is a measure of how much the atoms in a substance is moving and kinetic energy is the energy which is possessed by the virtue of the object's motion.

More the kinetic energy, high will be the temperature and vice-versa.

Hence, gaseous state has more kinetic energy and thus have higher temperature and therefore, the substance feels hotter.

Answer 2

Hey there!
In a gas state, particles have lots of energy, so they move around very rapidly, hitting each other and flowing around, that's why you see them moving so freely. Because they have so much energy, the substance is likely to be harder, as it can obtain more thermal energy, or heat.
Hope this helps!