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Alecsey [184]
3 years ago
12

[Ca2+] within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is 10-3M. Cytosolic [Ca2+] is 10-7M. Lysosomes in mammalian cells have an internal

pH of 4.0. Cytosolic pH of a typical mammalian cell is 7.0. Which transport reaction has a greater (more positive) Delta Gc, H+ import into lysosomes or Ca2+import into the ER?A. H+ import into the lysosome because it has the steeper concentration gradient.B. Ca2+ import into the ER because it has the steeper concentration gradient.C. H+ import into the lysosome because it is a monovalent cation.D. Ca2+ import into the ER because it is a divalent cation.E. Delta Gc is the same for both ions because their concentration gradients are the same.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Pani-rosa [81]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

B. Ca2+ import into the ER because it has the steeper concentration gradient

Explanation:

ΔGt =  RT㏑(C₂/C₁)

where ΔGt is the free energy change for transport; R = 8.315 J/mol; T = 298 K; C₂/C₁ is ratio of concentrations inside and outside each organelle.

For Ca²⁺ import

ΔGt = 8.315 J/mol * 298 K * ㏑(10⁻³/10⁻⁷)

ΔGt= 3.42 kJ/mol

For H⁺ import

ΔGt = 8.315 J/mol * 298 K * ㏑ (10⁻⁴/10⁻⁷)

ΔGt = 2.73 kJ/mol

From the above values, ΔGt is greater for Ca²⁺ import because it has a steeper concentration gradient

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SCIENCEEEE!!!!! HELPPPP!!!!
IRINA_888 [86]

pretty sure it's both are physical changes.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How many joules of heat are required to raise the temperature of 320.0 grams of water from 24.2°C to 50.8°C? Heat capacity of wa
balu736 [363]

Answer:

35750.4 Joules

Explanation:

Using the formula as follows;

Q = m × c × ∆T

Where;

Q = amount of heat (joules)

m = mass of substance (g)

c = specific heat capacity (J/g°C)

∆T = change in temperature (°C)

According to the provided information,

mass (m) = 320.0 grams

c = 4.2 J/g°C

∆T = (50.8°C - 24.2°C) = 26.6°C

Q = ?

Using; Q = m × c × ∆T

Q = 320 × 4.2 × 26.6

Q = 35750.4 J

5 0
3 years ago
5. Durante un estudio de la velocidad de la reacción A2(g) + 3B2(g)  2 AB3(g), se observa que en un recipiente cerrado que cont
weqwewe [10]

Answer:

a) Speed of the reaction = 0.002083 mol/L.s

b) The rate of disappearance of A₂ during this period of time = 0.002083 mol/L.s

c) The rate of appearance of AB₃ = 0.004167 mol/L.s

Explanation:

English Translation

During a study of the reaction rate

A₂ (g) + 3B₂ (g) → 2 AB₃ (g),

it is observed that in a closed container containing a certain amount of A₂ and 0.75 mol / L of B₂, the concentration B₂ decreases to 0.5 mol / L in 40 seconds.

a) What is the speed of the reaction?

b) What is the rate of disappearance of A₂ during this period of time?

c) What is the rate of appearance of AB₃?

Solution

The rate of a chemical reaction is defined as the time rate at which a reactant is used up or the rate at which a product is formed.

It is the rate of change of the concentration of a reactant (rate of decrease of the concentration of the reactant) or a product (rate of increase in the concentration of the product) with time.

Mathematically, for a balanced reaction

aA → bB

Rate = -(1/a)(ΔA/Δt) = (1/b)(ΔB/Δt)

The minus sign attached to the change of the reactant's concentration indicates that the reactant's concentration decreases.

And the coefficients of each reactant and product in the balanced reaction normalize the rate of reaction for each of them

So, for our given reaction,

A₂ (g) + 3B₂ (g) → 2 AB₃ (g)

Rate = -(ΔA₂/Δt) = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt) = (1/2)(ΔAB₃/Δt)

a) Speed of the reaction = Rate of the reaction

But we are given information on the change of concentration of B₂

Change in concentration of B₂ = ΔB₂ = 0.50 - 0.75 = -0.25 mol/L

Change in time = Δt = 40 - 0 = 40 s

(ΔB₂/Δt) = (-0.25/40) = -0.00625 mol/L.s

Rate of the reaction = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt) = (-1/3) × (-0.00625) = 0.002083 mol/L.s

b) The rate of disappearance of A₂ during this period of time

Recall

Rate = -(ΔA₂/Δt) = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt)

-(ΔA₂/Δt) = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt)

Rate of disappearance of A₂ = -(ΔA₂/Δt) = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt) = (-1/3) × (-0.00625) = 0.002083 mol/L.s

c) The rate of appearance of AB₃

Recall

Rate = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt) = (1/2)(ΔAB₃/Δt)

(1/2)(ΔAB₃/Δt) = -(1/3)(ΔB₂/Δt)

(ΔAB₃/Δt) = -(2/3)(ΔB₂/Δt)

rate of appearance of AB₃ = (ΔAB₃/Δt) = -(2/3)(ΔB₂/Δt) = (-2/3) × (-0.00625) = 0.004167 mol/L.s

Hope this Helps!!!

3 0
2 years ago
Which statement is part of the 3R rule?
makvit [3.9K]

Answer:

The 3R rule states that Radial cracks form a Right angle on the Reverse side of the force. This rule enables an examiner to determine readily the side on which a window or pane of glass was broken.

I hope it's helpful!

7 0
2 years ago
Convert 3828 ml to L
crimeas [40]

Answer:

divide the volume value by 1000

So 3828/1000=3.828

3 0
3 years ago
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