<u>Answer</u>:
<h3>
Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that, together, laid the foundation for classical mechanics. They describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to those forces.</h3>
<em><u>Newton’s laws of motion can be summarized as follows:</u></em>
An object will remain at rest, or in a uniform, straight-line motion if moving, unless an external force acts upon it.
Force equals change in momentum per change in time. For an object with constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
<u>In Depth</u>:
<h2>Newton’s First Law: Inertia</h2>
A rock resting on level ground won’t suddenly start moving unless you push it. This is Newton’s first law, which introduces the principle of inertia. Inertia tells us that objects at rest stay at rest, and objects in motion stay in motion at a constant velocity (speed in one direction). When a force acts on the object, it changes its behavior.
For example, when you push the rock along the ground, you apply an external force that causes the rock to break out of inertia and begin moving. When you throw the rock through the air, the force of gravity acts upon it and slows it down, pulling it back to earth. If you threw that rock in outer space with no external force of gravity acting upon it, the flying rock would travel indefinitely forward at constant velocity because of inertia.
<h2>Newton’s Second Law: Changes in Motion</h2>
Force (F) equals mass (m) times acceleration (a). An object’s mass is the amount of matter it contains. An object’s acceleration is its change in velocity—whether the object is speeding up or slowing down as it moves.
If this seems complicated, just think about how everyday objects react to force. It’s easier to push a soccer ball a certain distance than it is to push a car that same distance. That’s because the soccer ball has much less mass than the car, so it requires less force to create the same amount of acceleration.
<h2>Newton’s Third Law: Action and Reaction</h2>
A rocket has to fire its engines forcefully to overcome gravity and propel itself into outer space. The force of gas propelling downwards creates a reaction that pushes the rocket in the opposite direction with equal force. This is Newton’s third law: every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
As a result of Newton’s third law, all forces come in pairs. When you push against solid ground with your foot, the ground doesn’t fly off —it pushes back against you. This law helps us understand how objects with different forces interact.
