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4 years ago

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A simple pendulum consists of a point mass suspended by a weightless, rigid wire in a uniform gravitation field. Which of the fo

llowing statements are true when the system undergoes small oscillations?Check all that apply.
The period is inversely proportional to the suspended mass.The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire.The period is independent of the suspended mass.The period is proportional to the suspended mass.The period is independent of the length of the wire.The period is inversely proportional to the length of the wire.

1 answer:

irinina [24]4 years ago

6 0

Answer:

The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire.

The period is independent of the suspended mass.

Explanation:

The period of a simple pendulum, in the small oscillations approximation, is given by

$T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}$

where

L is the length of the pendulum

g is the acceleration due to gravity

From the formula, we notice that:

- the period does not depend on the mass

- the period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire

Therefore, the correct statements are:

The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire.

The period is independent of the suspended mass.

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3 years ago

Two parallel-plate capacitors have the same plate area. Capacitor 1 has a plate separation twice that of capacitor 2, and the qu

Luba_88 [7]

Answer:

$V_1=8 V_2$

Explanation:

Given that:

Area of the plate of capacitor 1= Area of the plate of capacitor 2=A

separation distance of capacitor 2, $d_2=d$

separation distance of capacitor 1, $d_1=2d$

quantity of charge on capacitor 2, $Q_2=Q$

quantity of charge on capacitor 1, $Q_1=4Q$

We know that the Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is directly proportional to the area and inversely proportional to the distance of separation.

Mathematically given as:

$C=\frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{d}$ .....................................(1)

where:

k = relative permittivity of the dielectric material between the plates= 1 for air

$\epsilon_0 = 8.85\times 10^{-12}\,F.m^{-1}$

From eq. (1)

For capacitor 2:

$C_2=\frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{d}$

For capacitor 1:

$C_1=\frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{2d}$

$C_1=\frac{1}{2} [ \frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{d}]$

We know, potential differences across a capacitor is given by:

$V=\frac{Q}{C}$ ..........................................(2)

where, Q = charge on the capacitor plates.

for capacitor 2:

$V_2=\frac{Q}{\frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{d}}$

$V_2=\frac{Q.d}{k.\epsilon_0.A}$

& for capacitor 1:

$V_1=\frac{4Q}{\frac{k.\epsilon_0.A}{2d}}$

$V_1=\frac{4Q\times 2d}{k.\epsilon_0.A}$

$V_1=8\times [\frac{Q.d}{k.\epsilon_0.A}]$

$V_1=8 V_2$

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3 years ago

A 60kg bicyclist (including the bicycle) is pedaling to the

Fittoniya [83]

a) 4 forces

b) 186 N

c) 246 N

Explanation:

a)

Let's count the forces acting on the bicylist:

1) Weight ( $W=mg$ ): this is the gravitational force exerted on the bicyclist by the Earth, which pulls the bicyclist towards the Earth's centre; so, this force acts downward (m = mass of the bicyclist, g = acceleration due to gravity)

2) Normal reaction (N): this is the reaction force exerted by the road on the bicyclist. This force acts vertically upward, and it balances the weight, so its magnitude is equal to the weight of the bicyclist, and its direction is opposite

3) Applied force ( $F_A$ ): this is the force exerted by the bicylicist to push the bike forward. Its direction is forward

4) Air drag ( $R$ ): this is the force exerted by the air on the bicyclist and resisting the motion of the bike; its direction is opposite to the motion of the bike, so it is in the backward direction

So, we have 4 forces in total.

b)

Here we can find the net force on the bicyclist by using Newton's second law of motion, which states that the net force acting on a body is equal to the product between the mass of the body and its acceleration:

$F_{net}=ma$

where

$F_{net}$ is the net force

m is the mass of the body

a is its acceleration

In this problem we have:

m = 60 kg is the mass of the bicyclist

$a=3.1 m/s^2$ is its acceleration

Substituting, we find the net force on the bicyclist:

$F_{net}=(60)(3.1)=186 N$

c)

We can write the net force acting on the bicyclist in the horizontal direction as the resultant of the two forces acting along this direction, so:

$F_{net}=F_a-R$

where:

$F_{net}$ is the net force

$F_a$ is the applied force (forward)

$R$ is the air drag (backward)

In this problem we have:

$F_{net}=186 N$ is the net force (found in part b)

$R=60 N$ is the magnitude of the air drag

Solving for $F_a$ , we find the force produced by the bicyclist while pedaling:

$F_a=F_{net}+R=186+60=246 N$

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3 years ago

Weekend A<br> Assignment<br> Differentiate between forced and damped oscillation

4vir4ik [10]

Answer:

A damped oscillation means an oscillation that fades away with time while Forced oscillations occur when an oscillating system is driven by a periodic force that is external to the oscillating system.

Explanation:

Damping is the reduction in amplitude (energy loss from the system) due to overcomings of external forces like friction or air resistance and other resistive forces. ... When a body oscillates by being influenced by an external periodic force, it is called forced oscillation.

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4 years ago

A 0.40 kg mass hangs on a spring with a spring constant of 12 N/m. The system oscillated with a constant amplitude of 12 cm. Wha

Vaselesa [24]

Answer:

The maximum acceleration of the system is 359.970 centimeters per square second.

Explanation:

The motion of the mass-spring system is represented by the following formula:

$x(t) = A\cdot \cos (\omega \cdot t + \phi)$

Where:

$x(t)$ - Position of the mass with respect to the equilibrium position, measured in centimeters.

$A$ - Amplitude of the mass-spring system, measured in centimeters.

$\omega$ - Angular frequency, measured in radians per second.

$t$ - Time, measured in seconds.

$\phi$ - Phase, measured in radians.

The acceleration experimented by the mass is obtained by deriving the position equation twice:

$a (t) = -\omega^{2}\cdot A \cdot \cos (\omega\cdot t + \phi)$

Where the maximum acceleration of the system is represented by $\omega^{2}\cdot A$ .

The natural frequency of the mass-spring system is:

$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }$

Where:

$k$ - Spring constant, measured in newtons per meter.

$m$ - Mass, measured in kilograms.

If $k = 12\,\frac{N}{m}$ and $m = 0.40\,kg$ , the natural frequency is:

$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{12\,\frac{N}{m} }{0.40\,kg} }$

$\omega \approx 5.477\,\frac{rad}{s}$

Lastly, the maximum acceleration of the system is:

$a_{max} = \left(5.477\,\frac{rad}{s})^{2}\cdot (12\,cm)$

$a_{max} = 359.970\,\frac{cm}{s^{2}}$

The maximum acceleration of the system is 359.970 centimeters per square second.

7 0

4 years ago