A circuit computes various types of Boolean operations. As in the question no specific circuit has been shown,so we have to know the fundamental logic operations.
Out of the various types of logic operations in Boolean algebra,the simple operations are- addition,subtractions,multiplications,division through logic gates.
Various logic or Boolean operations are NOT GATE,OR GATE ,AND GATE .
There are other operations also like NAND GATE,NOR GATE and XOR GATE etc
NOT gate is the simple logic gate which inverts one quantity.it makes 1[high] to 0[low] and vice versa.
OR gate gives 1 [high] when one of the input is 1 and low when all the inputs are low.
AND operation gives 1 when all the inputs are high and low when one of the input is low
NAND operation is AND gate followed by a NOT gate
NOR operation is the OR gate followed by a NOT gate.
Remembering these simple rules we can get the idea of the operations involved in the circuit. Each circuit has different symbols and gives different results.