Explanation:
According to the fundamental law of electrostatics, like charges which are ( only positive or only negative charges) repel while unlike charges which are ( positive and negative charges ) attract each other.
that is: ( +++++ ++++++) they repel
while ( +++++++ ———) they attract
-- 400 nm shifted to 430 nm . . . longer than it should be; "red shifted"; moving away from Earth
-- 610 nm shifted to 580 nm . . . shorter than at source; "blue shifted"; moving toward Earth
-- 512 nm shifted to 480 nm . . . shorter than at source; moving toward Earth
-- 670 nm shifted to 690 nm . . .longer than at source; moving away from Earth
Now I'd just like to ask one more itty bitty question, that you can think about while you're on this subject: Astronomers really do this. They measure how much the wavelength CHANGED, from the time it left the original source until the time they detect it. But HOW do they know what the wavelength WAS when it left the source ? ? ?
THIS is the part that blows my mind !
Answer:
hydrogen
Explanation:
pH is a measure of the ion concentration of hydrogen in a solution.
In chemistry, it literally means power of hydrogen ions and it is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in a particular solution, thus specifying the acidity, neutrality or basicity of chemical solutions.
Mathematically, the pH of a solution is given by ![pH = -log 10[H^{+}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%3D%20-log%2010%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D)
Hence, a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral.
Also, a solution with a pH below 7 is acidic but basic if it's pH is above 7.
