Answer:I just did this exact same thing do we go to the same school lol
Explanation:
Answer:
e. All of the above are considered species under at least one species concept.
Explanation:
All of the abovementioned conditions satisfy at least one condition of species definition. Further arguments are given below to support each statement,
a. A species is the <u>monophyletic group</u> of individuals who has a <u>common ancestor</u> which could be <u>distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relative</u> based on <u>conserved genes</u> (16S in bacteria and 18S in eukaryotes). In the statement above, beetles satisfy this condition.
b. A species is the group of individuals that are capable of <u>exchanging genes or can interbreed</u>. In the above statement, birds who are interbreeding with each other must be a single species.
c. A metapopulation is generically defined as the group of populations who are <u>separated by space</u> but are the <u>same species according to phylogenetic analysis</u>. Thus, the metapopulation of salamanders who are linked by gene flow (gene migration) should be treated as one species.
d. The word "<u>lineage</u>" already conveys the message that these bacteria belong share <u>sample place in the phylogenetic tree</u> and they are capable to adapt the same environmental niche. Therefore, they should be considered as one species. This can be easily tested via 16S rRNA sequencing.
<span>The most crucial principle of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a highly specific antibody-antigen interaction.</span>
ELISA is a biochemical technique used to detect the presence of an antibody or an antigen in the biological sample. Simply described, in an ELISA, an antigen is immobilized on a solid surface and then a specific antibody is applied over the surface so that it can bind to the antigen. The antibody is usually linked to an enzyme, and in the final step, a substrate for that enzyme is added. The enzyme can convert it to some detectable signal, most commonly a color change. <span>Medical usage of ELISA is in the diagnosis of HIV infection, pregnancy tests, measurement of cytokines…</span>
The appropriate response is an opponent-process theory. Opponent-process theory is a mental and neurological model that records for an extensive variety of practices, including shading vision. This model was first proposed in 1878 by Ewald Hering, a German physiologist.