Answer:
Explanation:
Depression in freezing point is given by:

= Depression in freezing point
i= vant hoff factor = 1 (for non electrolyte like urea)
= freezing point constant = 
m= molality

Weight of solvent (X)= 950 g = 0.95 kg
Molar mass of non electrolyte (urea) = 60.06 g/mol
Mass of non electrolyte (urea) added = ?


Thus
urea was dissolved.
Answer:
Ionic bonds hold charged particles in solid NaCl together, such that they are unable to move or conduct electricity.
Explanation:
Consider an electric current that flows through a conductor: charge moves in a uniform direction from one end of the conductor towards the other.
Thus, there are two conditions for a substance to conduct electricity:
- The substance shall contain charged particles, and
- These charged particles shall be free to move across the substance.
A conductor of electricity shall meet both requirements.
Now, consider the structure of solid NaCl
. NaCl is an ionic compound. It contains an ocean of oppositely charged ions:
- Positive
ions, and - Negative
ions.
Ions carry charge. Thus, solid NaCl contains charged particles and satisfies the first condition.
Inside solid NaCl
, electrostatic attractions ("ionic bonds") between the oppositely charged ions hold these ions in rigid ionic lattices. These ions are unable to move relative to each other. As a result, they cannot flow through the solid to conduct electricity. Under solid state, NaCl is unable to satisfy the second condition.
As a side note, melting NaCl into a liquid breaks the ionic bonds and free the ions from the lattice. Liquid NaCl is a conductor of electricity.
Answer: b. The waste generated is hazardous and must be disposed of.
c. Nuclear material can be spilled into the ocean if reactors are near the coast.
d. A large amount of cold water is generated, which must be stored somewhere.
Explanation:
The main environmental costs for produced during the nuclear power plant consists of procurement of fuel and the thermal load is also produced with cold water discharge in the sea. This can contaminate the sea, hence, must be stored somewhere. The nuclear waste consists of radioactive substances which are hazardous for the environment. The nuclear based electricity does not produce carbon dioxide.
Answer:
37.7 atm
Explanation:
Using the relation;
(P + an^2/V^2) (V - nb) = nRT
(P + an^2/V^2) = nRT/(V - nb)
a = 0.0341 atm dm^2 Mol^2
b = 0.0237 dm/mol
P = nRT/(V - nb) - an^2/V^2
P = [4.3 * 0.082 * 325 / (3.6 - (4.3 * 0.0237))] - (0.0341 * (4.3^2))/(3.6^2)
P = 114.595/(3.498) - 0.0487
P = 37.7 atm