<span>a) 7.9x10^9
b) 1.5x10^9
c) 3.9x10^4
To determine what percentage of an isotope remains after a given length of time, you can use the formula
p = 2^(-x)
where
p = percentage remaining
x = number of half lives expired.
The number of half lives expired is simply
x = t/h
where
x = number of half lives expired
t = time spent
h = length of half life.
So the overall formula becomes
p = 2^(-t/h)
And since we're starting with 1.1x10^10 atoms, we can simply multiply that by the percentage. So, the answers rounding to 2 significant figures are:
a) 1.1x10^10 * 2^(-5/10.5) = 1.1x10^10 * 0.718873349 = 7.9x10^9
b) 1.1x10^10 * 2^(-30/10.5) = 1.1x10^10 * 0.138011189 = 1.5x10^9
c) 1.1x10^10 * 2^(-190/10.5) = 1.1x10^10 * 3.57101x10^-6 = 3.9x10^4</span>
Explanation:
a positively charged nucleus is surrounded by mostly empty space.
<span>Energy is absorbed and then released to form an emission line.
When electrons absorb energy they increase there energy level. This is only temporary and the excited electron then relaxes back down to its original energy level releasing energy.
The energy is released in form of EM radiation of a specific frequency depending on the element and how many energy levels the electron relaxes.
This forms an emission line.</span><span />
