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Radda [10]
3 years ago
11

When a gas is rapidly compressed (say, by pushing down a piston) its temperature increases. When a gas expands against a piston,

it cools. Explain these changes in temperature using the kinetic theory, in particular noting what happens to the momentum of molecules when they strike the moving piston.
Physics
1 answer:
shusha [124]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Explained in explanation

Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system(ΔU) is equal to the sum of the net heat transfer into the system(Q) and the net work done on the system(W). In equation, this law is;

ΔU = Q + W

Now, when there's gas inside a container with a movable piston that's tightly fitting, we will assume that the piston can move up and down thereby compressing the gas or allowing the gas to expand against it.

Now these gas molecules inside the container possess kinetic energy. Thus, the internal energy(U) of the system is simply the sum of all the kinetic energies of the individual gas molecules present in the container.

Therefore, if the temperature(T) of the gas increases, then the speed and internal energy(U) of the gas molecules will also increase. In the same way, if the temperature of the gas decreases, the speed and internal energy of the gas molecules would also decrease.

Now, back to the question, when the piston is pushed down, it does work on the gas and the gas does negative work on the piston. Thus, the gas will be get compressed to a smaller space, and thereby making the gas molecules to hit the piston at a faster rate. Thus, there is a decrease in speed and as we saw earlier that when there is a decrease in speed, it means temperature has decreased.

Whereas, when the piston is moved up, the gas does positive work on the piston and the speed of the gas molecules will increase. Like I said earlier that increase in speed means increase in temperature.

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djyliett [7]

(i) The total capacitance for the circuit is 5 μF.

(ii) The total charge stored in the circuit is 1 x 10⁻⁴ C.

(iii) The charge stored in 3μF capacitor is  6 x 10⁻⁶ C.

<h3>Total capacitance of the circuit</h3>

The total capacitance of the circuit is determined by reolving the series capacitors separate and parallel capacitors separate as well.

<h3>C1 and C2 are in series </h3>

\frac{1}{C_{12}} = \frac{1}{C_1 } + \frac{1}{C_2} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{12}} = \frac{1}{4 } + \frac{1}{4} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{12}} = \frac{1}{2} \\\\C_{12} = 2 \ \mu F

<h3>C1 and C2 are parallel to C3</h3>

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<h3>C(123) is series to C5 and C6</h3>

\frac{1}{C_{t} } = \frac{1}{C_{123}} + \frac{1}{C_5} + \frac{1}{C_6} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{t} } = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{6} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{t} } = \frac{12}{24} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{t} } = \frac{1}{2} \\\\C_t = 2 \ \mu F

<h3>C7 and C8 are in series</h3>

\frac{1}{C_{78}} = \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{6} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{78}} = \frac{2}{6} \\\\\frac{1}{C_{78}} =\frac{1}{3} \\\\C_{78} = 3 \ \mu F

<h3>Total capaciatnce of the circuit</h3>

Ct + C(78) = 2 μF + 3 μF = 5 μF

<h3 /><h3>Total charge stored in the circuit</h3>

The total charge stored in the capacitor is calculated as follows;

Q = CV

Q = (5 x 10⁻⁶) x (20)

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<h3>Charge stored in 3μF capacitor</h3>

Q =  (3 x 10⁻⁶) x (20)

Q = 6 x 10⁻⁶ C

Learn more about capacitance of capacitor here: brainly.com/question/13578522

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What is the frequency of a wave that has a period of vibration of 2 seconds?
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Answer:

The answer is 0.5 Hz

Explanation:

Its pretty easy to get the answer. One hertz (Hz) is equal to one cycle or period per second. So, just divide the period by the number of seconds.

1 period/2 secs = 1/2 Hz or 0.5 Hz

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