Question

At 20 C, a steel rod of length 40.000 cm and a brass rod

Answer 1

Answer:

a. stress in steel rod is -9.6 X 10⁷pa while stress in brass rod is -7.2 X 10⁷pa

b. new junction from steel rod is 40.0192cm while new junction from brass rod is 30.024cm

Explanation:

Step 1: identify the given parameters and standard parameters

⇒Steel rod: length of rod = 40.000 cm

                    Young modulus(Υ) = 20 X 10¹⁰ pa

                    coefficient of linear expansion(α) = 1.2 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹

                     stress in the rod =?

 ⇒Brass rod: length of rod = 30.000 cm

                    Young modulus(Υ) = 9 X 10¹⁰ pa

                    coefficient of linear expansion(α) = 2.0 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹

                     stress in the rod =?

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Step 2: calculate the stress in each rod

⇒Steel rod: stress in the rod = -Y*α*ΔT

                                                = (-20 X 10¹⁰ pa) (1.2 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(60-20)K

                                                = (-20 X 10¹⁰ pa) (1.2 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(40)K

                                                =  -9.6 X 10⁷ pa

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⇒Brass rod: stress in the rod = -Y*α*ΔT

                                                = (-9 X 10¹⁰ pa) (2.0 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(60-20)K

                                                = (-9 X 10¹⁰ pa) (2.0 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(40)K

                                                =  -7.2 X 10⁷ pa

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∴ stress in steel rod is -9.6 X 10⁷pa while stress in brass rod is -7.2 X 10⁷pa

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Step 3: calculate the new length of each rod

⇒Steel rod: New length = ΔL + L₀

                                   ΔL = α*L₀*ΔT

                                  ΔL = (1.2 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(40cm)(40)K

                                   ΔL = 1920 X 10⁻⁵ cm = 0.0192cm

                    New length = ΔL + L₀ = 0.0192cm + 40cm

                    New length = 40.0192cm

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⇒Brass rod: New length = ΔL + L₀

                                    ΔL = α*L₀*ΔT

                                   ΔL = (2.0 X 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹)(30cm)(40)K

                                   ΔL = 2400 X 10⁻⁵ cm = 0.024cm

                    New length = ΔL + L₀ = 0.024cm + 30cm

                    New length = 30.024cm

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Therefore, new junction from steel rod is 40.0192cm while new junction from brass rod is 30.024cm