Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
a) According to this, this is an excercise that is involving a separation and reaction of different compounds. The n-butyl bromide is formed when, you made the following reaction:
CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3 + HBr/peroxide -----------> Br - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
Now, in this reaction, we still has traces of HBr in the product, so, in order to neutralize these traces, we wash the solution with bicarbonate sodium forming sodium bromide and carbonic acid as follow:
HBr + Na2CO3 ---------> NaBr + Na2CO3
Also, this is a weak base so it will not react with the n-butylbromide to form another product.
b) Basing of what it was stated above, we cannot wash the solution with NaOH because this is a strong base, and not only wil eliminate the traces of HBr, it will also react with the butylbromide causing an elimination and substitution reaction, giving the following products:
BrCH2CH2CH2CH3 + NaOH --->CH2=CHCH2CH3 + OHCH2CH2CH2CH3
That it's why we need to wash this product with a weak base only.
c) The density of 1-chlorobutane is 0.88 g/mL, density of water is 1 g/mL and density of sodium bicarbonate is 2.2 g/cm3, therefore, the one that has a greater density will go at the lower phase.
In this case, after the reflux, it will stay in the lower phase.
after adding water, it will be in the upper phase.
after adding bicarbonate, it will be in the upper phase too.
