Through the process of hydrolysis, cells remove phosphate groups from molecules of ATP to form molecules of ADP. This hydrolytic
reaction results in A. the breaking of low-energy bonds to produce free energy. B. the formation of low-energy bonds to store free energy. C. the formation of high-energy bonds to store free energy. D. the breaking of high-energy bonds to produce free energy.
1 answer:
D
The hydrolytic reaction of ATP into ADP + Pi results in the breaking of high-energy bonds to produce free energy.
Explanation:
ATP has an advantage as an energy molecule in cells. Firstly its bonds are high energy bonds, especially the last Pi -ADP bond that transforms it into an ATP from ADP. This is because the bond increases the Gibbs free energy of the molecule. This same reason makes the molecule unstable hence easily hydrolyzed to release the free energy to perform work in the cell. The reason it is easily broken is that the addition of a Phosphate to ADP increases the repulsive force of the electron clouds and the negative charges of the phosphates that are arranged in geometric sequence in the molecular structure.
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Answer:
The final temperature of the gas would need to be approximately 158.4 K
Explanation:
The details of the sample of nitrogen gas are;
The initial temperature of the nitrogen gas, T₁ = 22.7°C = 295.85 K
The initial volume occupied by the gas, V₁ = 12.2 L
The initial pressure of the gas, P₁ = 150.4 kPa
The final volume of the gas, V₂ = 9.7 L
The final pressure of the gas, P₂ = 101.3 kPa
Let 'T₂', represent the final temperature of the gas, by the ideal gas equation, we have;
Plugging in the values gives;
The final temperature of the gas, T₂ ≈ 158.4 K