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3 years ago

7

How is refraction different from reflection?

1 answer:

olga_2 [115]3 years ago

5 0

<span>The angle of refraction is not necessarily equal to the angle
of incidence, whereas the angle of reflection always is.</span>

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3 years ago

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2 years ago

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Starting from zero, the electric current takes 2 seconds to reach half its maximum possible value in an RL circuit with a resist

Leno4ka [110]

Answer:

time=4s

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we know that in a RL circuit with a resistance R, an inductance L and a battery of emf E, the current (i) will vary in following fashion

$i(t)=\frac{E}{R}(1-e^\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}})$ , where $i$ max= $\frac{E}{R}$

Given that, at i(2)= $\frac{imax}{2} =\frac{E}{2R}$

⇒ $\frac{E}{2R}=\frac{E}{R}(1-e^\frac{-2}{\frac{L}{R}})$

⇒ $\frac{1}{2}=1-e^\frac{-2}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{2}=e^\frac{-2}{\frac{L}{R}}$

Applying logarithm on both sides,

⇒ $log(\frac{1}{2})=\frac{-2}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $log(2)=\frac{2}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $\frac{L}{R}=\frac{2}{log2}$

Now substitute $i(t)=\frac{3}{4}imax=\frac{3E}{4R}$

⇒ $\frac{3E}{4R}=\frac{E}{R}(1-e^\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}})$

⇒ $\frac{3}{4}=1-e^\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{4}=e^\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}}$

Applying logarithm on both sides,

⇒ $log(\frac{1}{4})=\frac{-t}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $log(4)=\frac{t}{\frac{L}{R}}$

⇒ $t=log4\frac{L}{R}$

now subs. $\frac{L}{R}=\frac{2}{log2}$

⇒ $t=log4\frac{2}{log2}$

also $log4=log2^{2}=2log2$

⇒ $t=2log2\frac{2}{log2}$

⇒ $t=4$

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3 years ago