The five types of states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate.
Solid objects do not move a lot relative to themselves. Their molecules stay stacked neatly with no intermolecular spaces. They do not have much energy, or heat hence the molecules in solid state don't show movement.
Liquid state have more heat and more energy and a little more intermolecular space than solid. Their molecules are no longer stacked neatly due to presence of air capsules, but they still touch each other. Their structure is uncertain and can flow, their shape will alter quickly and dramatically with outside forces, but they will essentially remain a single mass unless pushed apart.
Gasses have even more energy than liquid and solid. Due to presence of high intermolecular spaces they flow like liquids, but are even more susceptible to the forces acting on them. Their molecules don’t touch each other, but are still close enough to bounce into one another frequently.
Plasma is the state of matter which is like a gas on steroids. Molecules of plasma might start in the same area, but rarely touch each other. Plasma molecules have lost electrons, and have become charged. Plasma molecules set other things on fire, and even vaporize them.
Bose-Einstein condensate or BEC was first created by scientists in the year 1995. This was created using a combination of lasers and magnets, Eric Cornell and Carl Weiman, scientists at the Joint Institute for Lab Astrophysics (JILA) in Boulder, Colorado, cooled a sample of rubidium to within a few degrees of absolute zero.
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Since the enthalpy can be calculated from the heat of formation, the enthalpy is 136 kJ/mol.
<h3>What is enthalpy?</h3>
The enthalpy of a reaction is the heat that is lost or gained in that reaction. We know that the enthalpy can be calculated from the heat of formation.
Thus, we can obtain the enthalpy of the reaction as 4 * 34 kJ/mol = 136 kJ/mol.
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Answer:
- 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Explanation:
<em>Photosynthesis</em> is the chemical process carried out by plants for the conversion of inorganic matter (carbon dioxide and water) into organic matter (glucose) with the release of oxygen, using light (sun energy).
So the chemical process may be represented by:
carbon dioxide + water + sun energy → glucose + oxygen
- <u>Skeleton equation:</u>
CO₂ + H₂O + sun energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂
- <u>Balanced chemical equation:</u>
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + sun energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
- <u>Supressing the energy to show only the chemical compounds:</u>
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Answer:
∆H° rxn = - 93 kJ
Explanation:
Recall that a change in standard in enthalpy, ∆H°, can be calculated from the inventory of the energies, H, of the bonds broken minus bonds formed (H according to Hess Law.
We need to find in an appropiate reference table the bond energies for all the species in the reactions and then compute the result.
N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) ⇒ 2NH₃ (g)
1 N≡N = 1(945 kJ/mol) 3 H-H = 3 (432 kJ/mol) 6 N-H = 6 ( 389 kJ/mol)
∆H° rxn = ∑ H bonds broken - ∑ H bonds formed
∆H° rxn = [ 1(945 kJ) + 3 (432 kJ) ] - [ 6 (389 k J]
∆H° rxn = 2,241 kJ -2334 kJ = -93 kJ
be careful when reading values from the reference table since you will find listed N-N bond energy (single bond), but we have instead a triple bond, N≡N, we have to use this one .
