All categories

3 years ago

Complete and balance the following oxidation-reduction reactions, which give the highest possible oxidation state for the

Chemistry

1 answer:

Leya [2.2K]3 years ago

3 0

Explanation :

Redox reaction or Oxidation-reduction reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which the oxidation and reduction reaction takes place simultaneously.

Oxidation reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which a substance looses its electrons. In this, oxidation state of an element increases. Or we can say that in oxidation, the loss of electrons takes place.

Reduction reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which a substance gains electrons. In this, oxidation state of an element decreases. Or we can say that in reduction, the gain of electrons takes place.

(a) The balanced chemical reaction will be:

$K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+H_2$

The oxidation-reduction half reaction will be :

Oxidation : $K\rightarrow K^++1e^-$

Reduction : $2H^++2e^-\rightarrow H_2$

In this reaction, the oxidation state of 'K' changes from (0) to (+1) that means 'K' lost 1 electron and it shows oxidation and the oxidation state of 'H' changes from (+1) to (0) that means 'H' gains 1 electron and it shows reduction.

In this reaction, potassium is the oxidizing atom that has the highest oxidation state is (+1).

(b) The balanced chemical reaction will be:

$Ba+2HBr\rightarrow BaBr_2+H_2$

The oxidation-reduction half reaction will be :

Oxidation : $Ba\rightarrow Ba^{2+}+2e^-$

Reduction : $2H^++2e^-\rightarrow H_2$

In this reaction, the oxidation state of 'Ba' changes from (0) to (+2) that means 'Ba' lost 2 electrons and it shows oxidation and the oxidation state of 'H' changes from (+1) to (0) that means 'H' gains 1 electron and it shows reduction.

In this reaction, barium is the oxidizing atom that has the highest oxidation state is (+2).

(c) The balanced chemical reaction will be:

$Sn+I_2\rightarrow SnI_2$

The oxidation-reduction half reaction will be :

Oxidation : $Sn\rightarrow Sn^{2+}+2e^-$

Reduction : $I_2+2e^-\rightarrow 2I^-$

In this reaction, the oxidation state of 'Sn' changes from (0) to (+2) that means 'Sn' lost 2 electron and it shows oxidation and the oxidation state of 'I' changes from (0) to (-1) that means 'I' gains 1 electron and it shows reduction.

In this reaction, tin is the oxidizing atom that has the highest oxidation state is (+2).

You might be interested in

What do elements in the first two columns of the periodic table have in common?

coldgirl [10]

Answer: b.) they tend to lose electrons to gain stability

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

Which characteristic of water helps it form droplets?

inessss [21]

Answer: C. High surface tension

Explanation:

Water has high specific heat as it require high heat to raise the temperature of 1 g of water through $1^0C$ .

Surface tension is the net downward force acting on the surface of liquids due to the cohesive nature of liquids.

Water molecules are bonded by strong hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atom and the electronegative oxygen atom making it polar. Thus water molecules present on the surface are strongly attracted by the molecules present below the surface and thus act as a stretched membrane.

The surface acquires a minimum surface are and thus acquire a spherical shape.

3 0

3 years ago

NEED HELP ON 17,18,19,20,21,22,23. ONLY IF YOU ARE POSITIVE ABOUT THE ANSWER!!!!

Alex777 [14]

Answer:

17. D. Chemical change

18. C. Cell wall

19. D. To transfer matter and energy within and between organisms.

20. A. Transporting materials

21. C. Carbon dioxide

22. A. Cellular respiration

23. C. Produce food and give off oxygen

Explanation:

I have been able to supply the correct answers. The cell wall functions as a structure that provides structural support and protection to the cell. It is tough, flexible and at times rigid. In a chemical change, new materials with new properties are manufactured. So, the process of photosynthesis is a chemical change.

The endoplasmic reticulum actually transports material. It transports materials like protein and lipids made within the cell and sends it to where they are needed.

Carbon dioxide is the the gas that animals give off and plants use it during photosynthesis. Cellular respiration involves the activities that result to the breaking down of food in order to release energy.

8 0

2 years ago

Which of the following are true statements about equilibrium systems? For the following reaction at equilibrium: CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(

Grace [21]

Answer:

The first, third and fourth statements are correct.

Explanation:

1) For the following reaction at equilibrium: CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g) adding more CaCO3 will shift the equilibrium to the right.

⇒ Le Chatellier says As the CaCO3 concentration is increased, the system will attempt to undo that concentration change by shifting the balance to the right. This statement is true.

2) For the following reaction at equilibrium: CaCO3(s)⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g) increasing the total pressure by adding Ar(g) will shift the equilibrium to the right.

⇒ Le chatellier says that if we increase the pressure, the equilibrium will shift to the side with the least number of particles.

Since the molar densities of CaO and CaCO3 are constant, they don't appear in the equilibrium expression. This is why only changes to the pressure (concentration) of CO2 affect the position of the equilibrium.

If the pressure in the container is increased by adding an inert or non-reacting gas, nothing happens to the amounts of CO2, CaO or CaCO3. The added gas won't affect the partial pressure of CO2. This statement is false.

3)For the following reaction at equilibrium: 2 H2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 H2O(g) the equilibrium will shift to the left if the volume is doubled.

⇒ Le Chatellier says if we increase the pressure, the equilibrium will shift to the side with the most particles.

In this case we have 2 moles of H2 and 1 mole of O2 on the left side and 2 mole of H2O on the right side. This means on the left side are more particles. So the equilibrium will shift to the left, so this statement is true.

4) For the following reaction at equilibrium: H2(g) + F2(g) ⇌ 2HF(g) removing H2 will increase the amount of F2 present once equilibrium is reestablished. Increasing the temperature of an endothermic reaction shifts the equilibrium position to the right.

⇒ Le chatellier says if H2 will be removed (this means the left side will get less particles) so the equilibrium will shift to the left, to increase the amount of F2.

⇒Le chatelier says if we increase the temperature of an exotherm reaction , there will be less energy released. The equilibrium will shift to the side of the reactants (the left side).

If we increase the temperature of an endotherm reaction, the equilibrium will shift to the side of the products (the right side). This statement is true.

4 0

3 years ago

A radical is a reactive intermediate with a single ____________ electron, formed by ____________ of a covalent bond. Allylic rad

Marina86 [1]

1. A radical is a reactive intermediate with a single ____________ electron, formed by ____________ of a covalent bond.

1. A: Unpaired, and homolysis

2. Allylic radicals are stabilized by ____________ , making them ____________ stable than tertiary radicals.

2. A: Resonance, and more

3. A compound that contains an especially weak bond that serves as a source of radicals is called a radical ____________ .

3. A: Initiator

4. Treatment of cyclohexene with N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of light leads to ____________ by ____________ intermediates.

4. A: Allylic substitution by radical

5 0

3 years ago