Answer:
35.6 N
Explanation:
We can consider only the forces acting along the horizontal direction to solve the problem.
There are two forces acting along the horizontal direction:
- The horizontal component of the pushing force, which is given by

with 
- The frictional force, whose magnitude is

where
, m=8.2 kg and g=9.8 m/s^2.
The two forces have opposite directions (because the frictional force is always opposite to the motion), and their resultant must be zero, because the suitcase is moving with constant velocity (which means acceleration equals zero, so according to Newton's second law: F=ma, the net force is zero). So we can write:

Answer:
Snell's Law states
Ni sin i = Nr sin r
Judging from the question the source of the ray is in the water (directed up)
or NI = 1 / sin 49 Ni = 1.325 deg the critical angle
From inside the pond:
Nr = 1.325 * sin 45 / 1 = 94 deg
So refraction can occur outside the pond and you do not have total internal refection.
To find the horizontal distance multiple the horizontal velocity by the time. Since there is no given time it must be calculated using kinematic equation.
Y=Yo+Voyt+1/2at^2
0=.55+0+1/2(-9.8)t^2
-.55=-4.9t^2
sqrt(.55/4.9)=t
t=0.335 seconds
Horizontal distance
=0.335s*1.2m/s
=0.402 meters