Electrolyte solutions are substances that produce ions when dissolved in water and can conduct electricity.
A strong electrolyte is a solution that has the strongest electrical conductivity because the solute is completely ionized when dissolved in water.
A weak electrolyte is a solution with low electrical conductivity and partially ionized.
Nonelectrolytes are solutions that cannot conduct electric current because the solute cannot produce ions.
One of the most significant properties of water is its ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances. Solutions in which water is properly the dissolving medium are called aqueous solutions. For electrolytes, water comes by the most primary solvent.
HCl = hydrochloric acid, a strong acid.
HNO₃ = nitric acid, a strong acid
.
NaOH = sodium hydroxide, a strong base
.
HF = hydrofluoric acid, a weak acid
.
HC₂H₃O₂ or CH₃COOH = acetic acid, a weak acid
.
C₂H₅OH = ethanol, a nonelectrolyte
.
C₆H₁₂O₆ = glucose, a nonelectrolyte
.
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Some acids ionize completely in water, some partially. Thus acids are not all of equal strength in terms of the production of H⁺ ions in solution. If an acid ionizes completely, it is strong acid. If we pass hydrogen chloride gas through water, almost all the molecules ionize to give H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. Hence, HCl is a strong acid.
If an acid ionizes partially, on the other hand, it is a weak acid. In the ionization of weak acids, some of the ions recombine and remain as molecules. HF is a weak acid. If we pass hydrogen fluoride gas through water, some of it will ionize to give H⁺ and F⁻. Most of the dissolved hydrogen fluoride will remain as HF molecules in water.
Bases that completely ionize in water are called strong bases. The bases of alkali metals and some alkaline earth metals are strong, e.g., NaOH, KOH, and Ba(OH)₂. They conduct electricity well in an aqueous solution.
Bases that dissociate in water slightly are weak bases, e.g., Mg(OH)₂ and NH₃. Water solutions of weak bases are poor conductors of electricity.
Keywords: classify, each of these soluble solutes, as a strong electrolyte, a weak, a nonelectrolyte. drag each item to the appropriate bin, acids, bases, dissolve, ionize, conduct electricity, water
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