The most common method astronomers use to determine the composition of stars, planets, and other objects is spectroscopy. This process utilizes instruments with a grating that spreads out the light from an object by wavelength. This spread-out light is called a spectrum. Every element has a unique fingerprint that allows researchers to determine what it is made of.
The fingerprint often appears as the absorption of light. Every atom has electrons, and these electrons like to stay in their lowest-energy levels. But when photons carrying energy hit an electron, they can push it to higher energy levels. This is absorption, and each element’s electrons absorb light at specific wavelengths related to the difference between energy levels in that atom. But the electrons want to return to their original levels, so they don’t hold onto the energy for long. When they emit the energy, they release photons with exactly the same wavelengths of light that were absorbed in the first place. An electron can release this light in any direction, so most of the light is emitted in directions away from our line of sight. Therefore, a dark line appears in the spectrum at that particular wavelength.
Because the wavelengths at which absorption lines occur are unique for each element, astronomers can measure the position of the lines to determine which elements are present in a target. The amount of light that is absorbed can also provide information about how much of each element is present.
Answer:
Demonstrate familiarity with the pH scale ... body (excluding things like stomach acid) measure around 7.2 and 7.6 on the pH scale (a 7 is neutral on the scale). ... The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or alkalinity (base). ... Using a pH meter, you find the pH of an unknown solution to be 8.0.
Explanation:
Answer: Although the rocks of the produced by similar processes but their chemical composition may vary dependent upon the type of mineral present in these rocks so the color of the rock also varies depending upon the mineral composition.
Explanation:
The rocks are made by basic steps like disintegration of parent rock material, erosion, crystallization, metamorphism, and sedimentation. These basic steps are common in same kind of rocks but their color may vary because of the mineral composition in them for example, Rhyolite is of light colored because of the presence of quartz mineral present in it.
Answer:
Metal is copper.
Explanation:
Mass of a metal, m = 54 g
Heat energy required, Q = 773 J
The temperature changes from 63.0 °C to 100.0 °C.
We need to identify the metal. Heat required to raise the temperature is given by :
c is specific heat of the metal
We can identify the metal by finding its specific heat.
The metal is copper. Its specific heat is 
.
True
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